Lavin J H, French S J, Read N W
Centre for Human Nutrition, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997 Jan;21(1):37-42. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800360.
To compare the effects of aspartame-sweetened and sucrose-sweetened soft drinks on food intake and appetite ratings of female restrained eaters.
Fourteen female students, shown to have eating restraint.
Subjects were given four drinks (330 ml) of aspartame-sweetened lemonade, sucrose-sweetened lemonade and carbonated mineral water on three separate days. Seven of the subjects were informed of the drink type they were consuming on each occasion.
Appetite ratings were recorded and energy and macronutrient intakes were measured during the study day and day after leaving the department.
During the first study day energy intake was lower whilst drinking the sucrose-sweetened lemonade compared with the aspartame-sweetened lemonade, although neither differed significantly from energy intakes during the day the drank water. When the calories from the sucrose-sweetened lemonade were included (1381 kJ, 330 Kcal) energy intake did not differ between treatments. The following day energy intake was significantly higher after the aspartame-sweetened lemonade compared with both sucrose-sweetened lemonade and the water due to an increase in the amount of carbohydrate consumed and resulted in a higher total energy intake over the two days studied. Knowledge of the drink types had no effect on energy intake or macronutrient intake. Appetite ratings did not differ between drinks and were not affected by knowledge of the drink types.
These results suggest that in females with eating restraint, substituting sucrose-sweetened drinks for diet drinks does not reduce total energy intake and may even result in a higher intake during the subsequent day.
比较阿斯巴甜甜味软饮料和蔗糖甜味软饮料对女性节食者食物摄入量和食欲评分的影响。
14名表现出饮食节制的女学生。
在三个不同的日子里，给受试者提供四种饮料（330毫升），分别是阿斯巴甜甜味柠檬水、蔗糖甜味柠檬水和碳酸矿泉水。其中七名受试者每次都被告知所饮用饮料的类型。
在研究当天和离开科室后的第二天记录食欲评分，并测量能量和常量营养素摄入量。
在第一个研究日，饮用蔗糖甜味柠檬水时的能量摄入量低于饮用阿斯巴甜甜味柠檬水时，不过两者与饮水当天的能量摄入量相比均无显著差异。当计入蔗糖甜味柠檬水中的热量（1381千焦，330千卡）时，各处理组的能量摄入量没有差异。第二天，饮用阿斯巴甜甜味柠檬水后的能量摄入量显著高于饮用蔗糖甜味柠檬水和水后的摄入量，这是由于碳水化合物消耗量增加所致，并且在研究的两天内导致总能量摄入量更高。对饮料类型的了解对能量摄入量或常量营养素摄入量没有影响。饮料之间的食欲评分没有差异，且不受对饮料类型了解的影响。
这些结果表明，对于有饮食节制的女性，用蔗糖甜味饮料替代无糖饮料不会降低总能量摄入量，甚至可能导致次日摄入量更高。
