Division of Public and Organizational Health, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich (ETH Zurich), Weinbergstrasse 109, Zurich, Switzerland.
Occup Med (Lond). 2010 Aug;60(5):358-61. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqq024. Epub 2010 Mar 22.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are a common cause of disability and absence from work. There is no consistent evidence in the literature regarding predictors for short- and long-term absences due to these disorders.
To investigate work-related factors influencing short- and long-term absences due to MSD in German-speaking countries.
The study is based on data from the Fourth European Working Conditions Survey. The study population included 2849 workers in German-speaking countries who participated in face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression models were used to determine the associations between possible risk factors and the occurrence of short- or long-term absence due to MSD.
A tiring or painful working position was positively correlated with short- and long-term absenteeism due to MSD, whereas the freedom to decide when to take holidays was negatively associated with this phenomenon. Some psychosocial factors, such as the ability to apply one's own ideas at work, the ability to choose or change the speed or rate of work and the emotional demands of the job, had contradictory impacts on short- and long-term absenteeism due to MSD.
The results of this investigation show that it is important to distinguish between predictors of short- and long-term absenteeism due to MSD.
肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）是导致残疾和缺勤的常见原因。由于这些疾病导致的短期和长期缺勤的预测因素在文献中没有一致的证据。
研究德国的与工作相关的因素对 MSD 导致的短期和长期缺勤的影响。
该研究基于第四欧洲工作条件调查的数据。研究人群包括在德国参与面对面访谈的 2849 名工人。使用逻辑回归模型确定可能的危险因素与 MSD 导致的短期或长期缺勤之间的关联。
一个疲劳或疼痛的工作位置与 MSD 导致的短期和长期缺勤呈正相关，而决定何时休假的自由与这种现象呈负相关。一些心理社会因素，如在工作中应用自己想法的能力、选择或改变工作速度或节奏的能力以及工作的情绪需求，对 MSD 导致的短期和长期缺勤有相反的影响。
这项调查的结果表明，区分 MSD 导致的短期和长期缺勤的预测因素很重要。
