Morken Tone, Riise Trond, Moen Bente, Hauge Signe H V, Holien Solrun, Langedrag Anne, Pedersen Svein, Saue Inger Lise L, Seljebø Guri M, Thoppil Varughese
Section for Occupational Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2003 Sep 4;4:21. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-4-21.
The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in the aluminium industry is high, and there is a considerable work-related fraction. More knowledge about the predictors of sickness absence from MSD in this industry will be valuable in determining strategies for prevention. The aim of this study was to analyse the relative impact of body parts, psychosocial and individual factors as predictors for short- and long-term sickness absence from MSD among industrial workers.
A follow-up study was conducted among all the workers at eight aluminium plants in Norway. A questionnaire was completed by 5654 workers at baseline in 1998. A total of 3320 of these participated in the follow-up study in 2000. Cox regression analysis was applied to investigate the relative impact of MSD in various parts of the body and of psychosocial and individual factors reported in 1998 on short-term and long-term sickness absence from MSD reported in 2000.
MSD accounted for 45% of all working days lost the year prior to follow-up in 2000. Blue-collar workers had significantly higher risk than white-collar workers for both short- and long-term sickness absence from MSD (long-term sickness absence: RR = 3.04, 95% CI 2.08-4.45). Widespread and low back pain in 1998 significantly predicted both short- and long-term sickness absence in 2000. In addition, shoulder pain predicted long-term sickness absence. Low social support predicted short-term sickness absence (RR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.11-1.49).
Reducing sickness absence from MSD among industrial workers requires focusing on the working conditions of blue-collar workers and risk factors for low back pain and widespread pain. Increasing social support in the work environment may have effects in reducing short-term sickness absence from MSD.
铝行业中肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）的患病率很高，且有相当一部分与工作相关。更多关于该行业中MSD导致病假的预测因素的知识，对于确定预防策略将很有价值。本研究的目的是分析身体部位、心理社会因素和个体因素作为工业工人中MSD导致短期和长期病假的预测因素的相对影响。
对挪威八家铝厂的所有工人进行了一项随访研究。1998年，5654名工人在基线时完成了一份问卷。其中共有3320人参与了2000年的随访研究。应用Cox回归分析来研究1998年报告的身体各部位MSD以及心理社会和个体因素对2000年报告的MSD导致的短期和长期病假的相对影响。
2000年随访前一年，MSD占所有工作日损失的45%。蓝领工人因MSD导致短期和长期病假的风险显著高于白领工人（长期病假：RR = 3.04，95% CI 2.08 - 4.45）。1998年的广泛性疼痛和腰痛显著预测了2000年的短期和长期病假。此外，肩部疼痛预测了长期病假。社会支持低预测了短期病假（RR = 1.28，95% CI 1.11 - 1.49）。
减少工业工人因MSD导致的病假需要关注蓝领工人的工作条件以及腰痛和广泛性疼痛的风险因素。在工作环境中增加社会支持可能有助于减少因MSD导致的短期病假。
