National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2010 May;23(3):187-94. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e328338658b.
Drug abuse has resulted in a huge public health and economic burden in China, especially the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Multiple HIV and HCV subtypes were detected among drug users in China, this study reviews the molecular distribution of HIV and HCV among injection drug users (IDUs) and explores new epidemiologic trends of HIV and HCV among drug users in China.
The 2009 National Narcotic Control Commission report showed that the percentage of users of 'new-type drugs', including amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS: methamphetamine and MDMA/ecstasy) and ketamine, was about 27% of total drug users. The pooled data from published papers showed that CRF07BC was the predominant HIV-1 subtype, which accounted for 38.8%, and it was followed by AE, which accounted for 22.7% among HIV-positive IDUs. Following these, the CRF08BC, B' and C subtypes accounted for about 10.8%, 9.9% and 9.2%, respectively. Subtype 6a was the predominant HCV subtype, accounting for 36.7%, and subtypes 3b, 1a, 3a and 1b were the next most predominant subtypes.
With the increase of 'new-type drugs' use and AE HIV-1 subtype infection among IDUs, the situation regarding HIV/AIDS and HCV infection has become complicated. More comprehensive prevention and intervention strategies should be instigated for the extensive high-risk populations in China.
药物滥用给中国带来了巨大的公共卫生和经济负担，尤其是艾滋病病毒（HIV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的迅速传播。中国吸毒者中检测到多种 HIV 和 HCV 亚型，本研究综述了静脉注射吸毒者（IDUs）中 HIV 和 HCV 的分子分布，并探讨了中国吸毒者中 HIV 和 HCV 的新流行趋势。
2009 年国家禁毒委员会报告显示，包括苯丙胺类兴奋剂（ATS：冰毒和摇头丸）和氯胺酮在内的“新型毒品”使用者比例约占总吸毒者的 27%。已发表论文的汇总数据显示，CRF07BC 是主要的 HIV-1 亚型，占 38.8%，其次是 AE，占 HIV 阳性 IDUs 的 22.7%。其次是 CRF08BC、B'和 C 亚型，分别占约 10.8%、9.9%和 9.2%。6a 亚型是主要的 HCV 亚型，占 36.7%，其次是 3b、1a、3a 和 1b 亚型。
随着 IDUs 中“新型毒品”使用和 AE HIV-1 亚型感染的增加，HIV/AIDS 和 HCV 感染的情况变得复杂。中国应针对广泛的高危人群，实施更全面的预防和干预策略。
