Landrigan Philip J, Rauh Virginia A, Galvez Maida P
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY. USA.
Mt Sinai J Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;77(2):178-87. doi: 10.1002/msj.20173.
Environmental injustice is the inequitable and disproportionately heavy exposure of poor, minority, and disenfranchised populations to toxic chemicals and other environmental hazards. Environmental injustice contributes to disparities in health status across populations of differing ethnicity, race, and socioeconomic status. Infants and children, because of their unique biological vulnerabilities and age-related patterns of exposure, are especially vulnerable to the health impacts of environmental injustice. These impacts are illustrated by sharp disparities across children of different racial and ethnic backgrounds in the prevalence of 3 common diseases caused in part by environmental factors: asthma, lead poisoning, and obesity. Documentation of linkages between health disparities and environmental injustice is an important step toward achieving environmental justice.
环境不公正指的是贫困、少数族裔和被剥夺权利的人群不成比例地过度暴露于有毒化学品和其他环境危害之中。环境不公正导致了不同种族、民族和社会经济地位人群在健康状况上的差异。婴儿和儿童由于其独特的生理脆弱性以及与年龄相关的接触模式，尤其容易受到环境不公正对健康的影响。不同种族和族裔背景的儿童在三种部分由环境因素导致的常见疾病（哮喘、铅中毒和肥胖症）的患病率上存在显著差异，这体现了这些影响。记录健康差异与环境不公正之间的联系是实现环境公正的重要一步。
