Burnett S J, Speakman C T, Kamm M A, Bartram C I
Department of Radiology, St. Mark's Hospital, London, UK.
Br J Surg. 1991 Apr;78(4):448-50. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800780419.
Anal endosonography was performed in 13 consecutive patients with post-traumatic faecal incontinence. Thirteen acoustic defects in the external anal sphincter (two hyperechoic, four of mixed echogenicity and seven hypoechoic) were analysed electromyographically by locating under ultrasound guidance the tip of a concentric needle within the defect. The electromyographic activity in this zone was compared with ultrasonically normal muscle. Eleven of 13 sonographic defects showed no electrical activity on electromyography, there was one technical electromyography failure, and one defect was too deep to be reached by the electromyography needle. The electromyographic response was normal in each case within ultrasonically normal muscle. Anal endosonography is recommended as the initial investigation to locate defects, which may be confirmed electromyographically thereby limiting the number of painful needle insertions required for complete mapping of the external anal sphincter.
对13例创伤后大便失禁患者连续进行了肛门内超声检查。通过在超声引导下将同心针的尖端定位在肛门外括约肌的13个声学缺陷（2个高回声、4个混合回声和7个低回声）内，对其进行肌电图分析。将该区域的肌电活动与超声检查正常的肌肉进行比较。13个超声缺陷中有11个在肌电图检查中未显示电活动，有1次肌电图检查技术失败，1个缺陷太深，肌电图针无法到达。在超声检查正常的肌肉中，每例的肌电图反应均正常。建议将肛门内超声检查作为定位缺陷的初步检查，可通过肌电图检查加以证实，从而减少对肛门外括约肌进行完整测绘所需的痛苦针刺次数。
