School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Wales, UK.
Child Dev. 2010 Jan-Feb;81(1):149-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01386.x.
Interviews of 120 British adolescents and their parents (80% of a random sample of antenatal patients drawn from a representative urban population and followed longitudinally) revealed that 40 (33%) had been arrested and/or had a diagnosis of DSM-IV conduct disorder by 16 years of age; of those, 18 (45%) had committed violent acts. Depression in pregnancy significantly predicted violence in adolescence, even after controlling for the family environment, the child's later exposure to maternal depression, the mother's smoking and drinking during pregnancy, and parents' antisocial behavior. Mothers with a history of conduct problems were at elevated risk to become depressed in pregnancy, and the offspring of depressed women had a greater chance of becoming violent by age 16.
对 120 名英国青少年及其父母（从具有代表性的城市人群中随机抽取的产前患者的 80%，并进行纵向随访）进行访谈发现，其中 40 名（33%）在 16 岁之前被逮捕和/或被诊断为 DSM-IV 品行障碍；其中 18 名（45%）有暴力行为。即使在控制家庭环境、孩子以后接触到母亲抑郁、母亲怀孕期间吸烟和饮酒以及父母的反社会行为之后，怀孕期间的抑郁仍显著预测青少年期的暴力行为。有品行问题病史的母亲在怀孕期间更有可能抑郁，而抑郁女性的子女在 16 岁时更有可能变得暴力。
