Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010 Oct;59(3):478-83. doi: 10.1007/s00244-010-9495-4. Epub 2010 Mar 24.
Amphibian populations are decreasing in size due to environmental stressors in most areas of southern China. Pesticides are known to be a group of potential stressors to amphibians, especially in agricultural ecosystems. Profenofos, an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide, is widely used for controlling insect pests in China. The aim of this study is to evaluate the acute lethality and genotoxicity of profenofos to amphibian under controlled conditions. Results showed that profenofos was highly lethal to tadpoles of Rana spinosa, with 50% lethal concentration (LC(50)) values of 1.59, 1.14, 0.77, and 0.58 mg l(-1) at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively. DNA damage of erythrocytes was observed by alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay at all tested sublethal concentrations. The study also showed, by micronucleus test, that profenofos at moderate to high sublethal concentration might have genotoxicity to the tadpole after 96 h exposure. Furthermore, based on our results, it is suggested that the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay could be used as a screening tool for biomonitoring of pesticide contamination in aquatic systems or agricultural ecosystems.
在中国南方的大多数地区，由于环境压力，两栖动物的数量正在减少。众所周知，农药是对两栖动物的潜在压力源之一，尤其是在农业生态系统中。丙溴磷是一种有机磷杀虫剂和杀螨剂，在中国被广泛用于防治害虫。本研究旨在评估丙溴磷在受控条件下对两栖动物的急性致死性和遗传毒性。结果表明，丙溴磷对棘胸蛙蝌蚪具有高致死性，24、48、72 和 96 h 时的 50%致死浓度（LC50）值分别为 1.59、1.14、0.77 和 0.58 mg/L。碱性单细胞凝胶电泳试验检测到所有测试亚致死浓度下红细胞的 DNA 损伤。该研究还通过微核试验表明，丙溴磷在中高亚致死浓度下暴露 96 h 后可能对蝌蚪具有遗传毒性。此外，根据我们的结果，建议碱性单细胞凝胶电泳试验可作为水生系统或农业生态系统中农药污染生物监测的筛选工具。
