Department of Chemistry, Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2010 Aug;67(15):2563-89. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0330-x. Epub 2010 Mar 24.
Copper is an essential but potentially harmful trace element required in many enzymatic processes involving redox chemistry. Cellular copper homeostasis in mammals is predominantly maintained by regulating copper transport through the copper import CTR proteins and the copper exporters ATP7A and ATP7B. Once copper is imported into the cell, several pathways involving a number of copper proteins are responsible for trafficking it specifically where it is required for cellular life, thus avoiding the release of harmful free copper ions. In this study we review recent progress made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of copper transport in cells by analyzing structural features of copper proteins, their mode of interaction, and their thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, thus contributing to systems biology of copper within the cell.
铜是一种必需的但潜在有害的微量元素，在许多涉及氧化还原化学的酶促过程中都需要它。哺乳动物的细胞内铜稳态主要通过调节铜的转运来维持，这个过程涉及铜输入 CTR 蛋白和铜输出 ATP7A 和 ATP7B。一旦铜被导入细胞，涉及许多铜蛋白的几种途径负责将其专门运输到细胞生命所需的地方，从而避免释放有害的游离铜离子。在这项研究中，我们通过分析铜蛋白的结构特征、它们的相互作用模式以及它们的热力学和动力学参数，来综述细胞内铜转运的分子机制的最新进展，从而为细胞内铜的系统生物学做出贡献。
