Thermodynamic studies of [H(2)Rh(diphosphine)(2)](+) and [HRh(diphosphine)(2)(CH(3)CN)](2+) complexes in acetonitrile.

Thermodynamic studies of a series of H(2)Rh(PP)(2) and HRh(PP)(2)(CH(3)CN) complexes have been carried out in acetonitrile. Seven different diphosphine (PP) ligands were selected to allow variation of the electronic properties of the ligand substituents, the cone angles, and the natural bite angles (NBAs). Oxidative addition of H(2) to Rh(PP)(2) complexes is favored by diphosphine ligands with large NBAs, small cone angles, and electron donating substituents, with the NBA being the dominant factor. Large pK(a) values for HRh(PP)(2)(CH(3)CN) complexes are favored by small ligand cone angles, small NBAs, and electron donating substituents with the cone angles playing a major role. The hydride donor abilities of H(2)Rh(PP)(2) complexes increase as the NBAs decrease, the cone angles decrease, and the electron donor abilities of the substituents increase. These results indicate that if solvent coordination is involved in hydride transfer or proton transfer reactions, the observed trends can be understood in terms of a combination of two different steric effects, NBAs and cone angles, and electron-donor effects of the ligand substituents.