National Institute of Public Health, 10042 Prague, Czech Republic.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2010 Jan;55(1):88-101. doi: 10.1007/s12223-010-0015-8. Epub 2010 Mar 25.
Electron microscopy (EM) allows fast visualization of viruses in a wide range of clinical specimens. Viruses are grouped into families based on their morphology. Viruses from various families look distinctly and these morphological variances are the basis for identification of viruses by EM. The identification to the family level is often sufficient for the clinician or recognition of an unknown infectious agent. Diagnostic EM has two advantages over enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nucleic acid amplification tests. After a simple and fast negative staining, EM allows fast morphological identification and differential diagnosis of infectious agents contained in the specimen without the need for special considerations and/or reagents. Nevertheless, EM has the disadvantage of being unsuitable as a screening method.
电子显微镜（EM）可快速观察各种临床标本中的病毒。病毒根据形态学特征分为不同的家族。不同家族的病毒形态明显不同，这些形态差异是通过 EM 对病毒进行鉴定的基础。对病毒家族的鉴定通常足以满足临床医生的需求，或识别未知的传染性病原体。与酶联免疫吸附测定和核酸扩增试验相比，诊断性 EM 具有两个优势。通过简单快速的负染色，EM 可以快速对标本中包含的传染性病原体进行形态学鉴定和鉴别诊断，而无需特殊考虑和/或试剂。然而，EM 也有不适合作为筛查方法的缺点。
