Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
J Adv Nurs. 2010 May;66(5):1022-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05255.x. Epub 2010 Mar 9.
This paper is a report of a pilot study conducted to investigate the effect of a tailor-made ergonomic intervention programme for community nurses.
The nursing profession is known to be a high risk group for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Community nurses are at risk as they have to travel to patients' homes and work in varied environments daily. Their occupational risk factors are unique and intervention strategies need to be specially designed to address these issues.
The study was conducted from August 2007 to September 2008 in Hong Kong with community nurses from three hospitals. The intervention group (n = 14) received a multi-faceted ergonomic intervention programme over an 8-week period, with group training, onsite individual training, equipment modification, exercise programme, typing and computer workstation advice. The control group (n = 12) received no interventions. Both groups had baseline and follow-up assessments, which included musculoskeletal symptoms, perceived risk factors and functional outcome and physical mobility measures.
The intervention group showed statistically significantly improved symptom scores and neck and upper limb functional outcomes at postintervention. The control group showed no change in symptom or functional outcomes.
A multifaceted intervention programme may be more effective than interventions that mainly focus on ergonomic training and could be considered by community or home care nursing groups in other countries. The programme was based on risk assessment and may be a useful reference for other nursing groups in other countries.
本研究旨在探讨一项针对社区护士的定制人体工程学干预计划的效果，这是一项初步研究。
众所周知，护理行业是与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的高发群体。社区护士由于每天需要到患者家中出诊并在不同环境中工作，因此处于高风险之中。他们的职业风险因素具有独特性，需要专门设计干预策略来解决这些问题。
该研究于 2007 年 8 月至 2008 年 9 月在香港的三家医院进行，研究对象为社区护士。干预组（n=14）在 8 周的时间内接受了多方面的人体工程学干预计划，包括团体培训、现场个人培训、设备改装、运动计划、打字和计算机工作站建议。对照组（n=12）未接受任何干预。两组均在基线和随访时进行评估，评估内容包括肌肉骨骼症状、感知风险因素以及功能结果和身体活动能力测量。
干预组在干预后，其症状评分和颈部及上肢功能结果有显著改善。对照组在症状或功能结果方面没有变化。
多方面的干预计划可能比主要关注人体工程学培训的干预更有效，其他国家或地区的社区或家庭护理团体可以考虑采用这种方案。该方案基于风险评估，可为其他国家的护理团体提供有益的参考。
