Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010 Oct;23(5):489-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01049.x. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
The effect of seasonality in estimating population mean nutrient intake using a single dietary recall has not been fully explored. The present study aimed to evaluate variation in energy and nutrient intake using a single 24-h recall between two seasons (spring/summer and autumn/winter) in a sample of children and adolescents.
A randomly selected subgroup (n = 623) of a representative sample of 3-18-year-old Greek children and adolescents was used in the present analysis. Information on participants' socio-demographic characteristics, body weight/height and dietary intake were collected through telephone interviews. Dietary assessment was based on two 24-h recalls (the first during the spring/summer season and the second 6 months later, during autumn/winter season).
Reported daily energy intake in spring/summer was 344 ± 130 kJ (82 ± 31 kcal) higher compared to the one in autumn/winter after adjusting for potential confounders (P = 0.008). However, the contribution of the macronutrients to the total energy intake was not statistically different between the two periods and the same was also true for vitamin C and calcium. The results remained unchanged after excluding low energy reporters.
The use of a second 24-h recall in a different season of the year does not confer additional information with regard to a population assessment of macronutrient contribution to the total energy intake in paediatric samples; its use appears to be justified in the light of a more accurate assessment of energy intake.
使用单一膳食回忆来估计人群平均营养素摄入量的季节性影响尚未得到充分探索。本研究旨在评估在儿童和青少年样本中，两个季节（春季/夏季和秋季/冬季）之间使用单个 24 小时回忆时能量和营养素摄入量的变化。
本分析使用了希腊 3-18 岁儿童和青少年代表性样本的随机选择亚组（n=623）。通过电话访谈收集参与者的社会人口统计学特征、体重/身高和饮食摄入信息。饮食评估基于两次 24 小时回忆（第一次在春季/夏季进行，第二次在 6 个月后，即秋季/冬季进行）。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，春季/夏季报告的每日能量摄入量比秋季/冬季高 344±130kJ（82±31kcal）（P=0.008）。然而，两个时期的宏量营养素对总能量摄入的贡献并无统计学差异，维生素 C 和钙也是如此。在排除低能量报告者后，结果仍然不变。
在一年中的不同季节使用第二个 24 小时回忆并不能为儿童样本的总能量摄入中宏量营养素对其贡献的人群评估提供额外信息；根据能量摄入的更准确评估，使用它似乎是合理的。
