Van Staveren W A, Deurenberg P, Burema J, De Groot L C, Hautvast J G
Int J Obes. 1986;10(2):133-45.
The effect of season on the energy balance was examined in 114 young adult Dutch women consuming self-selected diets. Energy intakes and patterns of physical activity were assessed monthly 14 times with the 24-h recall method. After this period of 14 months, in the second year the same estimates were made with intervals of 2-3 months to check if the seasonal variations observed were not accidental. The study did not demonstrate seasonal variations in the mean energy intake of the group under study. However, the intake of fat appeared to be higher in the winter and spring than in the summer and autumn, whereas for the intake of mono- and di-saccharides the reverse seemed to be true. The intake of dietary fibre was higher in the autumn than in the summer, with intermediate values for winter and spring. Small seasonal fluctuations were observed in body weight and time spent on various physical activities. On the one hand, these fluctuations are too small to indicate physiological significance, on the other hand they are wide enough to be taken into account in the design of many longitudinal studies on the relation between diet and disease.
对114名食用自选饮食的荷兰年轻成年女性，研究了季节对能量平衡的影响。采用24小时回忆法，每月评估一次能量摄入量和身体活动模式，共进行了14次。在这14个月之后的第二年，以2至3个月的间隔进行同样的评估，以检查所观察到的季节变化是否并非偶然。该研究未证明所研究群体的平均能量摄入量存在季节变化。然而，脂肪摄入量在冬季和春季似乎高于夏季和秋季，而单糖和双糖的摄入量则似乎相反。秋季膳食纤维摄入量高于夏季，冬季和春季的摄入量介于两者之间。体重和进行各种身体活动所花费的时间存在微小的季节性波动。一方面，这些波动太小，无法表明其生理意义；另一方面，它们又足够大，在许多关于饮食与疾病关系的纵向研究设计中需要予以考虑。
