Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Br J Nutr. 2010 Sep;104(5):757-64. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510001005. Epub 2010 Mar 26.
Increased homocysteine levels might accelerate dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD) through neurotoxic effects; thus, increasing intake of B vitamins involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism might decrease the risk of PD through decreasing plasma homocysteine. However, epidemiological evidence for the association of dietary B vitamins with PD is sparse, particularly in non-Western populations. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in Japan to examine associations between dietary intake of folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and riboflavin and the risk of PD. Patients with PD diagnosed using the UK PD Society Brain Bank criteria (n 249) and controls without neurodegenerative diseases (n 368) were recruited. Dietary intake during the preceding month was assessed at the time of study recruitment using a validated, self-administered, semi-quantitative, comprehensive diet history questionnaire. After adjustment for potential dietary and non-dietary confounding factors, intake of folate, vitamin B12 and riboflavin was not associated with the risk of PD (P for trend = 0.87, 0.70 and 0.11, respectively). However, low intake of vitamin B6 was associated with an increased risk of PD, independent of potential dietary and non-dietary confounders. Multivariate OR (95 % CI) for PD in the first, second, third and fourth quartiles of vitamin B6 were 1 (reference), 0.56 (0.33, 0.94), 0.69 (0.38, 1.25) and 0.48 (0.23, 0.99), respectively (P for trend = 0.10). In conclusion, in the present case-control study in Japan, low intake of vitamin B6, but not of folate, vitamin B12 or riboflavin, was independently associated with an increased risk of PD.
同型半胱氨酸水平升高可能通过神经毒性作用加速帕金森病（PD）中的多巴胺能细胞死亡；因此，增加参与同型半胱氨酸代谢调节的 B 族维生素的摄入量可能通过降低血浆同型半胱氨酸来降低 PD 的风险。然而，关于饮食 B 族维生素与 PD 之间关联的流行病学证据很少，特别是在非西方人群中。我们在日本进行了一项基于医院的病例对照研究，以检查饮食中叶酸、维生素 B6、维生素 B12 和核黄素的摄入量与 PD 风险之间的关联。使用英国 PD 协会脑库标准（n = 249）诊断为 PD 的患者和无神经退行性疾病的对照（n = 368）参加了该研究。在研究招募时，使用经过验证的、自我管理的、半定量的、全面的饮食史问卷评估了前一个月的饮食摄入量。在调整了潜在的饮食和非饮食混杂因素后，叶酸、维生素 B12 和核黄素的摄入量与 PD 风险无关（趋势 P 值分别为 0.87、0.70 和 0.11）。然而，低维生素 B6 摄入量与 PD 风险增加相关，独立于潜在的饮食和非饮食混杂因素。维生素 B6 的第一、第二、第三和第四四分位数的 PD 多变量 OR（95%CI）分别为 1（参考）、0.56（0.33，0.94）、0.69（0.38，1.25）和 0.48（0.23，0.99）（趋势 P 值=0.10）。总之，在本病例对照研究中，日本低维生素 B6 摄入，而不是叶酸、维生素 B12 或核黄素摄入，与 PD 风险增加独立相关。
