Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Nutrition. 2010 May;26(5):515-21. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.05.021. Epub 2009 Jul 22.
High glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) carbohydrates might be expected to decrease the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) by an insulin-induced increase in brain dopamine. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in Japan to examine associations between dietary GI and GL and other dietary carbohydrate variables, including intake of available carbohydrate and dietary fiber, and PD.
Patients with PD diagnosed using the U.K. Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank criteria (n=249) and controls without neurodegenerative diseases (n=368) were recruited. Dietary intake during the preceding month was assessed at the time of study recruitment using a validated, self-administered, semiquantitative, comprehensive diet history questionnaire.
After adjustment for potential dietary and non-dietary confounding factors, dietary GI was significantly inversely associated with the risk of PD. Multivariate odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for PD in the first, second, third, and fourth quartiles of dietary GI were 1.00 (reference), 1.03 (0.64-1.66), 0.68 (0.41-1.15), and 0.61 (0.34-1.09), respectively (P for trend=0.04). Conversely, no significant association was observed for other dietary carbohydrates, including dietary GL (P for trend=0.77), available carbohydrate intake (P for trend=0.28), or dietary fiber intake (P for trend=0.73).
This preliminary case-control study based on current dietary habits found an independent inverse relation between dietary GI and PD. Considering the plausibility of the putative mechanism, further investigation using a case-control design with accurate assessment of past dietary habits or a prospective design is warranted.
高血糖指数（GI）或血糖负荷（GL）碳水化合物可能会通过胰岛素诱导的大脑多巴胺增加来降低帕金森病（PD）的风险。我们在日本进行了一项基于医院的病例对照研究，以检查饮食 GI 和 GL 与其他饮食碳水化合物变量（包括可利用碳水化合物和膳食纤维的摄入量）与 PD 之间的关联。
使用英国帕金森病协会脑库标准（n=249）诊断为 PD 的患者和无神经退行性疾病的对照组（n=368）被招募。在研究招募时，使用经过验证的、自我管理的、半定量的、全面的饮食史问卷评估前一个月的饮食摄入量。
在调整潜在的饮食和非饮食混杂因素后，饮食 GI 与 PD 风险呈显著负相关。饮食 GI 处于第一、第二、第三和第四四分位数的 PD 的多变量比值比（95%置信区间）分别为 1.00（参考）、1.03（0.64-1.66）、0.68（0.41-1.15）和 0.61（0.34-1.09）（趋势 P=0.04）。相反，对于其他饮食碳水化合物，包括饮食 GL（趋势 P=0.77）、可利用碳水化合物摄入量（趋势 P=0.28）或膳食纤维摄入量（趋势 P=0.73），没有观察到显著的关联。
这项基于当前饮食习惯的初步病例对照研究发现，饮食 GI 与 PD 之间存在独立的负相关关系。考虑到潜在机制的合理性，需要使用具有准确评估过去饮食习惯的病例对照设计或前瞻性设计进行进一步研究。
