Department of Environmental Health, The Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 28 Yeonkun-dong Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2010 Dec;83(8):867-78. doi: 10.1007/s00420-010-0523-5. Epub 2010 Mar 26.
In this study, we investigated how socioeconomic factors contributed to airborne PM(10) concentrations in living rooms and children's bedrooms in 50 homes in Korea from July to September 2008.
PM(10) was measured with the personal environmental monitor, and both a questionnaire and time activity diary were used to acquire data on socioeconomic factors and various human activities (i.e., cooking, cleaning, and smoking). Analysis of variance and general linear model were used to identify the effects of socioeconomic and behavioral factors on PM(10) concentrations.
Mean PM(10) concentrations in living rooms and children's rooms were 45.3 ± 33.3 μg/m(3) and 45.9 ± 21.0 μg/m(3), respectively, whereas outdoor PM(10) concentrations were 50.0 ± 19.8 μg/m(3). Significant relationships were found between concentrations in children's rooms and living rooms, and also between indoor and outdoor concentrations. PM(10) concentrations in children's rooms varied significantly by region, parental education, floor of residence, and average monthly household expenses. Concentrations in living rooms varied significantly by the number of children. This implies that lower socioeconomic status can contribute to higher indoor PM(10) concentrations. Indoor PM(10) concentrations in households with cleaning, cooking, and smoking were higher than in homes without these activities. General linear model showed that the effects of socioeconomic factors on PM(10) concentrations were significant in the following order: region (the increment in estimate β = 24.16), parental education (β = -18.84), type of housing (β = -16.97; p < 0.01), and number of children (β = 19.12; p < 0.05).
We found that indoor PM(10) concentrations were affected by socioeconomic factors rather than human behavioral activities. In determining the environmental policy for indoor air quality, it is important to consider various socioeconomic factors of subjects.
本研究于 2008 年 7 月至 9 月期间在韩国的 50 个家庭中调查了社会经济因素对客厅和儿童卧室空气中 PM(10)浓度的影响。
使用个人环境监测仪测量 PM(10)，并使用问卷调查和时间活动日记获取社会经济因素和各种人类活动（如烹饪、清洁和吸烟）的数据。采用方差分析和一般线性模型来确定社会经济和行为因素对 PM(10)浓度的影响。
客厅和儿童房的 PM(10)平均浓度分别为 45.3±33.3μg/m(3)和 45.9±21.0μg/m(3)，而室外 PM(10)浓度为 50.0±19.8μg/m(3)。儿童房和客厅的浓度之间、室内和室外浓度之间存在显著关系。儿童房的 PM(10)浓度因地区、父母教育程度、居住楼层和家庭月平均支出而有显著差异。客厅的浓度因儿童人数而异。这表明较低的社会经济地位可能导致室内 PM(10)浓度升高。有清洁、烹饪和吸烟活动的家庭室内 PM(10)浓度高于无这些活动的家庭。一般线性模型显示，社会经济因素对 PM(10)浓度的影响大小依次为：地区（估计β增量=24.16）、父母教育程度（β=-18.84）、住房类型（β=-16.97；p<0.01）和儿童人数（β=19.12；p<0.05）。
我们发现室内 PM(10)浓度受社会经济因素影响，而不受人类行为活动影响。在制定室内空气质量环境政策时，考虑研究对象的各种社会经济因素非常重要。
