Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
J Med Screen. 2010;17(1):44-9. doi: 10.1258/jms.2009.009058.
Anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASILs) are the precursors to anal cancer. Human papillomavirus infection has a direct link to ASIL formation and is responsible for up to 80% of anal cancers. But while much importance has been focused on targeting cancer precursors in the cervix, relatively little concern has been afforded to the anal canal. With the advent of cervical Pap smear screening in various regions, the incidence of cervical cancer has declined. However, marked similarities in the biological and pathological profiles of cervical cancer and anal cancer mean that anal cancer should be preventable in the same way - by curbing the progression of ASIL to cancer. This article explores the literature on ASILs and the growing problem of anal cancer in the community, along with the literature surrounding the current progress towards implementing a screening programme for ASIL in the future.
肛门鳞状上皮内瘤变（ASIL）是肛门癌的前身。人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与 ASIL 的形成直接相关，占肛门癌的 80%。但是，尽管人们非常重视针对宫颈癌前病变的治疗，但对肛门管的关注相对较少。随着各地宫颈巴氏涂片筛查的出现，宫颈癌的发病率有所下降。然而，宫颈癌和肛门癌在生物学和病理学特征上存在显著相似性，这意味着可以通过阻止 ASIL 向癌症的进展来预防肛门癌。本文探讨了 ASIL 相关文献以及社区中肛门癌日益严重的问题，以及围绕未来实施 ASIL 筛查计划的现有进展的文献。
