Division of Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Apr;85(4):380-91. doi: 10.4065/mcp.2008.0638.
In a 2007 report, the US Surgeon General called for health care professionals to renew efforts to reduce underage drinking. Focusing on the adolescent patient, this review provides health care professionals with recommendations for alcohol-related screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment. MEDLINE and published reviews were used to identify relevant literature. Several brief screening methods have been shown to effectively identify underage drinkers likely to have alcohol use disorders. After diagnostic assessment when germane, the initial intervention typically focuses on education, motivation for change, and consideration of treatment options. Internet-accessible resources providing effective brief interventions are available, along with supplemental suggestions for parents. Recent changes in federal and commercial insurance reimbursement policies provide some fiscal support for these services, although rate increases and expanded applicability may be required to prompt the participation of many practitioners. Nevertheless, advances in clinical methods and progress on reimbursement policies have made screening and brief intervention for underage drinking more feasible in general health care practice.
在 2007 年的一份报告中，美国外科医生呼吁医疗保健专业人员重新努力减少未成年人饮酒。本综述以青少年患者为重点，为医疗保健专业人员提供了与酒精相关的筛查、简短干预和转介治疗的建议。使用 MEDLINE 和已发表的综述来确定相关文献。已经证明，几种简短的筛查方法可以有效地识别出可能患有酒精使用障碍的未成年饮酒者。在进行诊断评估时（如果需要），初始干预通常侧重于教育、改变的动机以及考虑治疗选择。提供有效的简短干预措施的互联网资源可用，以及针对父母的补充建议。联邦和商业保险报销政策的最新变化为这些服务提供了一些财政支持，尽管可能需要增加费率和扩大适用性才能促使许多从业者参与。尽管如此，临床方法的进步和报销政策的进展使得在一般医疗保健实践中对未成年饮酒进行筛查和简短干预变得更加可行。
