Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
J Clin Invest. 2010 Apr;120(4):963-72. doi: 10.1172/JCI41350. Epub 2010 Apr 1.
The classical view of ovarian follicle development is that it is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, in which gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) controls the release of the gonadotropic hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and that ovarian steroids exert both negative and positive regulatory effects on GnRH secretion. More recent studies in mice and humans indicate that many other intra-ovarian signaling cascades affect follicular development and gonadotropin action in a stage- and context-specific manner. As we discuss here, mutant mouse models and clinical evidence indicate that some of the most powerful intra-ovarian regulators of follicular development include the TGF-beta/SMAD, WNT/FZD/beta-catenin, and RAS/ERK1/2 signaling pathways and the FOXO/FOXL2 transcription factors.
经典的卵巢卵泡发育观点认为,它是由下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴调控的,其中促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)控制促性腺激素卵泡刺激素(FSH)和黄体生成素(LH)的释放,而卵巢类固醇对 GnRH 分泌既具有负向调节作用,也具有正向调节作用。最近在小鼠和人类中的研究表明,许多其他卵巢内信号级联反应以阶段和特定背景的方式影响卵泡发育和促性腺激素作用。正如我们在这里讨论的,突变小鼠模型和临床证据表明,卵泡发育的一些最强大的卵巢内调节剂包括 TGF-β/SMAD、WNT/FZD/β-连环蛋白和 RAS/ERK1/2 信号通路以及 FOXO/FOXL2 转录因子。