Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 2355, institut des sciences du végétal, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
C R Biol. 2010 Apr;333(4):297-306. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2010.01.005. Epub 2010 Mar 11.
Like animals, plants have evolved into complex organisms. Developmental cohesion between tissues and cells is possible due to signaling molecules (messengers) like hormones. The first hormone discovered in plants was auxin. This phytohormone was first noticed because of its involvement in the response to directional light. Nowadays, auxin has been established as a central key player in the regulation of plant growth and development and in responses to environmental changes. At the cellular level, auxin controls division, elongation, and differentiation as well as the polarity of the cell. Auxin, to integrate so many different signals, needs to be regulated at many different levels. A tight regulation of auxin synthesis, activity, degradation as well as transport has been demonstrated. Another possibility to modulate auxin signaling is to modify the capacity of response of the cells by expressing differentially the signaling components. In this review, we provide an overview of the present knowledge in auxin biology, with emphasis on root development.
像动物一样，植物已经进化成了复杂的生物体。由于激素等信号分子（信使）的存在，组织和细胞之间的发育协调性成为可能。在植物中发现的第一种激素是生长素。这种植物激素最初之所以被注意到，是因为它参与了对定向光的反应。如今，生长素已被确立为调节植物生长发育和对环境变化做出反应的核心关键因子。在细胞水平上，生长素控制细胞的分裂、伸长和分化以及细胞的极性。为了整合如此多的不同信号，生长素需要在许多不同的水平上进行调节。已经证明生长素的合成、活性、降解以及运输都受到严格的调控。另一种调节生长素信号的可能性是通过差异表达信号成分来改变细胞的响应能力。在这篇综述中，我们提供了生长素生物学的最新知识概述，重点介绍了根的发育。
