Abell T D, Baker L C, Ramsey C N
Department of Family Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.
Fam Med. 1991 Feb;23(2):103-7.
A prospective cohort study was designed to examine the independent effects of maternal smoking on infant birth weight adjusted for length of gestation. Obstetrical patients were enrolled from four university based family practice clinics; 772 mother-infant pairs were included in the final analyses. A multiple regression analysis found 53% of the variance in infant birth weight to be explained by length of gestation, race, pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain, gender of the infant, highest systolic blood pressure, and smoking. After adjusting for the effects of other independent variables, women who were self-reported smokers delivered infants who weighed 141.8 g less, on the average, than infants of nonsmoking mothers. Women who smoked fewer than 10, 10-19, or 20+ cigarettes per day delivered infants weighing 96 g, 183 g, and 200 g less, respectively, than infants born to nonsmokers, a clear dose-response effect among relatively low-risk obstetrical patients in a primary care setting. Multiple regression analysis within each smoking group found the effect of length of gestation upon infant birth weight to be markedly reduced among the heavy smokers; this indicates a strong association between heavy (one pack a day) smoking and infant birth weight adjusted for length of gestation.
一项前瞻性队列研究旨在考察孕期吸烟对校正孕周后的婴儿出生体重的独立影响。产科患者来自四所大学附属医院的家庭医疗诊所；最终分析纳入了772对母婴。多元回归分析发现，婴儿出生体重差异的53%可由孕周、种族、孕前体重、体重增加量、婴儿性别、最高收缩压和吸烟情况来解释。在调整了其他自变量的影响后，自我报告为吸烟者所生婴儿的平均体重比不吸烟母亲所生婴儿轻141.8克。每天吸烟少于10支、10至19支或20支及以上的女性所生婴儿的体重分别比不吸烟者所生婴儿轻96克、183克和200克，在初级保健环境中相对低风险的产科患者中存在明显的剂量反应效应。在每个吸烟组内进行的多元回归分析发现，孕周对婴儿出生体重的影响在重度吸烟者中明显降低；这表明重度（每天一包）吸烟与校正孕周后的婴儿出生体重之间存在很强的关联。
