* General Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, BP 812, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Parasite. 2010 Mar;17(1):61-6. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2010171061.
An explanation of the endemic nature and/or the resurgence of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) in the historic foci in West and Central Africa may be the existence of an animal reservoir. In some HAT foci, pigs were found infected by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense but the implication of the other domestic animals was not quite evaluated. This study aims to determine the prevalence of T. b. gambiense in domestic animal species (goat, sheep, pig and dog) commonly found in the four active HAT foci in Cameroon (Bipindi, Fontem, Campo and Doumé). Blood samples were collected from 307 pigs, 264 goats, 267 sheep and 37 dogs and used for parasitological (QBC), immunological (LiTat 1.3 CATT) and molecular (PCR) analyses. QBC detected trypanosomes in 3.88% domestic animals while 22.7% were sero-positive with LiTat 1.3 CATT tests. Of the 875 animals analysed, 174 (19.88%) harboured T. brucei s.l. DNA, found in each of the four types of animal and in the four localities. The infection rate significantly differed among the animal species (p < 0.0001) and localities (p < 0.0001). The PCR also revealed T. b. gambiense group 1 DNA in 27 (3.08 %) domestic animals. The specific infection rates were as follows: sheep (6.74%), goats (3.08%), pigs (0.32%) and dogs (O%). T. b. gambiense was found in 8 (3.92%) animals from Bipindi, 15 (4.83%) from Campo, 4 (2.59%) from FontemCenter and none from Doumé. The infection rates significantly differed between the localities, and correlated with the intensity of HAT transmission in the foci.
人类非洲锥虫病（HAT）在西非和中非历史疫区的地方性或再现原因可能是存在动物储存宿主。在一些 HAT 流行区，发现猪感染布氏冈比亚锥虫，但其他家畜的感染情况尚未得到充分评估。本研究旨在确定在喀麦隆四个活跃的 HAT 流行区（Bipindi、Fontem、Campo 和 Doumé）中常见的家畜物种（山羊、绵羊、猪和狗）中，布氏冈比亚锥虫（T. b. gambiense）的流行率。从 307 头猪、264 只山羊、267 只绵羊和 37 只狗中采集血液样本，用于寄生虫学（QBC）、免疫学（LiTat 1.3 CATT）和分子（PCR）分析。QBC 在 3.88%的家畜中检测到锥虫，而 LiTat 1.3 CATT 检测呈阳性的有 22.7%。在分析的 875 只动物中，有 174 只（19.88%）携带 T. brucei s.l. DNA，在四种动物和四个地点均有发现。感染率在不同动物物种之间（p < 0.0001）和不同地点之间（p < 0.0001）有显著差异。PCR 还在 27 只（3.08%）家畜中检测到 T. b. gambiense 组 1 DNA。具体感染率如下：绵羊（6.74%）、山羊（3.08%）、猪（0.32%）和狗（0%）。在 Bipindi 有 8 只（3.92%）动物、Campo 有 15 只（4.83%）动物、FontemCenter 有 4 只（2.59%）动物和 Doumé 没有动物感染 T. b. gambiense。感染率在不同地点之间存在显著差异，与流行区 HAT 传播强度相关。
