Cates W, Wasserheit J N
Division of STD/HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Jun;164(6 Pt 2):1771-81. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(91)90559-a.
Genital chlamydial infection is increasing and is now more common than gonorrhea. A sizable percentage of chlamydial infections of the lower genital tract in women progress to endometritis and salpingitis. Tubal infertility and ectopic pregnancy are important sequelae. Failure to control chlamydial infections reflects the following four factors: (1) Many cases are mild or asymptomatic; (2) diagnostic tests are expensive and technically demanding; (3) at least 7 days of multiple-dose therapy are currently required; and (4) partner notification is not routinely performed. Thus early identification of infected persons and compliance with curative therapy are less likely than with other sexually transmitted bacterial diseases.
生殖系统衣原体感染呈上升趋势，目前比淋病更为常见。相当比例的女性下生殖道衣原体感染会发展为子宫内膜炎和输卵管炎。输卵管性不孕和异位妊娠是重要的后遗症。衣原体感染未能得到控制反映在以下四个因素上：（1）许多病例症状轻微或无症状；（2）诊断测试费用高昂且技术要求高；（3）目前需要至少7天的多剂量治疗；（4）未常规通知性伴侣。因此，与其他性传播细菌疾病相比，早期识别感染者并使其坚持治疗的可能性较小。
