Silbergeld E K
Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, DC 20036.
Environ Health Perspect. 1991 Feb;91:63-70. doi: 10.1289/ehp.919163.
Advances in understanding the distribution and retention of lead in mineralized tissues are important for two reasons: first, bone lead may be a more accurate dosimeter of integrated absorption associated with chronic exposures, and second, bone lead may be a source of internal exposure to the host organism. Little attention has been paid to this second aspect, the remobilization of lead from bone. Mobilization of lead from bone is likely to occur during periods of altered mineral metabolism; since calciotropic factors determine the uptake and storage of lead in this compartment, changes in calcium-related regulatory factors are likely to affect lead compartmentation. Calcium metabolism changes drastically in humans during pregnancy and lactation; although relatively little is known of lead kinetics during these critical periods, it is likely that bone lead is mobilized and transferred to the more bioavailable compartment of the maternal circulation, with potential toxic effects on the fetus and the mother.
在理解铅在矿化组织中的分布和潴留方面取得的进展具有重要意义，原因有两点：其一，骨铅可能是与慢性暴露相关的综合吸收的更准确剂量计；其二，骨铅可能是宿主生物体内部暴露的一个来源。人们对第二个方面，即骨中铅的再动员关注甚少。骨中铅的动员可能发生在矿物质代谢改变的时期；由于钙调节因子决定了铅在该隔室中的摄取和储存，与钙相关的调节因子的变化可能会影响铅的区室化。在人类怀孕和哺乳期间，钙代谢会发生剧烈变化；尽管在这些关键时期对铅动力学了解相对较少，但骨铅很可能会被动员并转移到母体循环中生物利用度更高的隔室，从而对胎儿和母亲产生潜在的毒性作用。
