Academic Unit of Primary Medical Care, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Samuel Fox House, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
Addiction. 2010 Apr;105(4):732-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02856.x.
Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in primary care settings is used increasingly as a standard method of delivering treatment for heroin users. It has been shown to reduce criminal activity and incarceration over periods of periods of 12 months or less; however, little is known about the effect of this treatment over longer durations.
To examine the association between treatment status and rates of convictions and cautions (judicial disposals) over a 5-year period in a cohort of heroin users treated in a general practitioner (GP)-led MMT service.
Cohort study.
The primary care clinic for drug dependence, Sheffield, 1999-2005.
The cohort comprised 108 consecutive patients who were eligible and entered treatment. Ninety were followed-up for the full 5 years.
The intervention consisted of MMT provided by GPs in a primary care clinic setting.
Criminal conviction and caution rates and time spent in prison, derived from Police National Computer (PNC) criminal records.
The overall reduction in the number of convictions and cautions expected for patients entering MMT in similar primary care settings is 10% for each 6 months retained in treatment. Patients in continuous treatment had the greatest reduction in judicial disposal rates, similar to those who were discharged for positive reasons (e.g. drug free). Patients who had more than one treatment episode over the observation period did no better than those who dropped out of treatment.
MMT delivered in a primary care clinic setting is effective in reducing convictions and cautions and incarceration over an extended period. Continuous treatment is associated with the greatest reductions.
美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）在初级保健环境中被越来越多地用作为海洛因使用者提供治疗的标准方法。研究表明，在 12 个月或更短的时间内，这种治疗方法可以减少犯罪活动和监禁；然而，对于这种治疗方法在更长时间内的效果知之甚少。
在一个由全科医生（GP）领导的美沙酮维持治疗服务中，对一组接受治疗的海洛因使用者进行为期 5 年的研究，以检查治疗状况与定罪率和警告（司法处理）之间的关系。
队列研究。
谢菲尔德，1999-2005 年的初级保健诊所毒品依赖。
该队列包括 108 名符合条件并开始接受治疗的连续患者。其中 90 名患者随访了整整 5 年。
干预措施包括由初级保健诊所的全科医生提供的美沙酮维持治疗。
来自警察国家计算机（PNC）犯罪记录的定罪和警告率和入狱时间。
预计在类似初级保健环境中接受美沙酮治疗的患者，每保留治疗 6 个月，定罪和警告的数量将减少 10%。持续治疗的患者司法处理率下降幅度最大，与因积极原因（如无毒品）出院的患者相似。在观察期间接受多次治疗的患者并不比退出治疗的患者表现更好。
在初级保健诊所环境中提供的美沙酮维持治疗在延长时间内可有效减少定罪、警告和监禁。持续治疗与最大程度的减少相关。
