In vitro osteoblast-like and endothelial cells' response to calcium silicate/calcium phosphate cement.

This study aims to investigate the interaction between calcium silicate/calcium phosphate cement (CS/CPC) and osteogenesis, in particular the in vitro osteoblast-like and endothelial cells' response to CS/CPC. The effect of CS/CPC on cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation of murine osteoblast-like cell MC3T3-E1, as well as the influence on the cell attachment and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), was studied in detail. Our results indicated that CS/CPC exhibited excellent biocompatibility to the osteoblast-like cells. Moreover, the morphology and cytoskeleton organization of MC3T3-E1 cultured on the CS/CPC disks suggested that CS/CPC induced better cell adhesion and cell spreading. Simultaneously, cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MC3T3-E1 were significantly improved after 3 and 7 days of culture on CS/CPC disks in comparison with CPC disks. Additionally, on CS/CPC disks, HUVEC attached well on day 1 and cell proliferation was also greatly enhanced by day 7. Collectively, these results suggest that the introduction of calcium silicate may improve the cell response involved in the osteogenesis and thus may be beneficial to further modify CPC as a better bone repairing material.