Centre for Sexual Health & HIV Research, University College London, UK.
Trop Med Int Health. 2010 Mar;15(3):362-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02464.x.
To systematically review comparative research from developing countries on the effects of questionnaire delivery mode.
We searched Medline, EMbase and PsychINFO and ISSTDR conference proceedings. Randomized control trials and quasi-experimental studies were included if they compared two or more questionnaire delivery modes, were conducted in a developing country, reported on sexual behaviours and occurred after 1980.
A total of 28 articles reporting on 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity of reported trial outcomes between studies made it inappropriate to combine trial outcomes. Eighteen studies compared audio computer-assisted survey instruments (ACASI) or its derivatives [personal digital assistant (PDA) or computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI)] against another self-administered questionnaires, face-to-face interviews or random response technique. Despite wide variation in geography and populations sampled, there was strong evidence that computer-assisted interviews lowered item-response rates and raised rates of reporting sensitive behaviours. ACASI also improved data entry quality. A wide range of sexual behaviours were reported including vaginal, oral, anal and/or forced sex, age of sexual debut, condom use at first and/or last sex. Validation of self-reports using biomarkers was rare.
These data reaffirm that questionnaire delivery modes do affect self-reported sexual behaviours and that use of ACASI can significantly reduce reporting bias. Its acceptability and feasibility in developing country settings should encourage researchers to consider its use when conducting sexual health research. Triangulation of self-reported data using biomarkers is recommended. Standardizing sexual behaviour measures would allow for meta-analysis.
系统综述发展中国家关于问卷传递模式效果的比较研究。
我们检索了 Medline、EMbase 和 PsychINFO 以及 ISSTDR 会议记录。如果比较了两种或两种以上的问卷传递模式、在发展中国家进行、报告性行为且发生在 1980 年后的随机对照试验和准实验研究，则将其纳入。
共有 28 篇报告 26 项研究的文章符合纳入标准。研究报告的试验结果存在异质性，不适合合并试验结果。18 项研究比较了音频计算机辅助调查工具（ACASI）或其衍生工具[个人数字助理（PDA）或计算机辅助个人访谈（CAPI）]与另一种自我管理问卷、面对面访谈或随机反应技术。尽管地理位置和抽样人群差异很大，但有强有力的证据表明，计算机辅助访谈降低了项目反应率，提高了报告敏感行为的比率。ACASI 还提高了数据输入质量。报告的性行为种类繁多，包括阴道、口腔、肛门和/或强迫性性行为、性初体验年龄、首次和/或最后一次性行为时使用避孕套。使用生物标志物验证自我报告的情况很少见。
这些数据再次证实，问卷传递模式确实会影响自我报告的性行为，并且使用 ACASI 可以显著减少报告偏差。在发展中国家环境中，它的可接受性和可行性应鼓励研究人员在进行性健康研究时考虑使用它。建议使用生物标志物对自我报告数据进行三角验证。标准化性行为测量方法将允许进行荟萃分析。
