Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 May;16(5):783-8. doi: 10.3201/eid1605.091894.
We estimated the proportion of persons with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 who were shedding infectious virus at diagnosis and on day 8 of illness. In households with confirmed cases, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected on all members and tested by PCR and virus culture. Of 47 cases confirmed by PCR at <7 days of illness, virus culture was positive in 92% (11/12) of febrile and 63% (22/35) of afebrile persons. Of 43 persons with PCR-confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 from whom a second specimen was collected on day 8, 74% remained PCR positive and 19% were culture positive. If the 73 symptomatic household members without PCR-confirmed illness are assumed to have pandemic (H1N1) 2009, a minimum of 8% (6/73) of case-patients shed replicating virus on day 8. Self-isolation only until fever abates appears insufficient to limit transmission. Self-isolation for a week may be more effective, although some case-patients still would shed infectious virus.
我们估计了在诊断时和发病第 8 天有多少人仍在排出具有传染性的流感病毒。在确诊病例的家庭中，对所有成员采集鼻咽拭子并进行 PCR 和病毒培养检测。在发病 7 天内通过 PCR 确诊的 47 例病例中，发热者的病毒培养阳性率为 92%（11/12），无发热者为 63%（22/35）。在发病第 8 天采集的 43 例经 PCR 确诊的大流行（H1N1）2009 患者的第二份标本中，74%仍为 PCR 阳性，19%为培养阳性。如果假设 73 名无 PCR 确诊的症状性家庭接触者患有大流行（H1N1）2009，则至少有 8%（6/73）的病例患者在第 8 天排出复制病毒。仅在发热消退后进行自我隔离似乎不足以限制传播。自我隔离一周可能更有效，尽管仍有一些病例患者会排出具有传染性的病毒。
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