Specialist Virology Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2010 Jun;23(3):224-30. doi: 10.1097/qco.0b013e32833890ca.
Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) within the large and growing family of Picornaviridaeare common human pathogens associated with a wide spectrum of disease presentations. Although 10 different HPeV types have been published to date, there is increasing evidence for a specific role of HPeV type 3 (HPeV3) in severe neonatal disease. In this review, we will describe both the disease associations and underlying epidemiological and/or biological basis for the often marked differences in disease outcomes between HPeV types.
Application of molecular-based diagnostic techniques has revealed an association between neonatal sepsis, encephalitis and hepatitis with HPeV3 but not with other parechovirus types. HPeV3 shows evidence for very recent emergence in human populations as well as inferred differences in cellular receptor usage.
The recently discovered HPeV3 has been shown to play an important role in severe neonatal infections, observations possibly linked to its very recent emergence or possibly different cellular tropism that underlie its targeting of the most susceptible individuals. HPeV infections are currently under-diagnosed and should be considered in the clinical and diagnostic evaluation of severe neonatal disease presentations.
小 RNA 病毒科内的人类肠道病毒（HPeV）是一种大型且不断增长的病毒家族，是与广泛疾病表现相关的常见人类病原体。尽管迄今为止已发表了 10 种不同的 HPeV 型，但 HPeV 型 3（HPeV3）在严重新生儿疾病中具有特定作用的证据越来越多。在这篇综述中，我们将描述 HPeV 型之间疾病相关性以及潜在的流行病学和/或生物学基础，这些基础常常导致疾病结果存在明显差异。
应用基于分子的诊断技术揭示了 HPeV3 与新生儿败血症、脑炎和肝炎之间的关联，但与其他肠道病毒型无关。HPeV3 表明其在人类群体中最近出现，并推断出其细胞受体使用存在差异。
最近发现的 HPeV3 已被证明在严重新生儿感染中发挥重要作用，这些观察结果可能与其最近出现或可能不同的细胞嗜性有关，这是其针对最易感个体的基础。目前对 HPeV 感染的诊断不足，在对严重新生儿疾病表现进行临床和诊断评估时应考虑到这一点。
