Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2010 Mar;105(2):208-15. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000200017.
Canine American visceral leishmaniasis and American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) cases have been recorded in Espírito Santo do Pinhal. The aim of this study was to gather knowledge of the sand fly community and its population ecology within the municipality. Captures were made weekly over a period of 15 months in the urban, periurban and rural areas of the municipality, using automatic light traps. A total of 5,562 sand flies were collected, comprising 17 species. The most abundant species were Nyssomyia whitmani and Pintomyia pessoai in the rural area, Lutzomyia longipalpis and Ny. whitmani in the periurban area and Lu. longipalpis in the urban area. The highest species richness and greatest index species diversity were found in the rural area. The similarity index showed that urban and periurban areas were most alike. Lu. longipalpis was found in great numbers during both dry and humid periods. The presence of dogs infected with Leishmania infantum chagasi in the urban area indicates a high risk for the establishment of the disease in the region. A high abundance of Ny. whitmani and Pi. pessoai in the rural and periurban areas indicates the possibility of new cases of ACL occurring in and spreading to the periurban area of Espírito Santo do Pinhal.
在巴西圣埃斯皮里图州的皮尼亚尔镇发现了犬内脏利什曼病和美洲皮肤利什曼病（ACL）病例。本研究旨在了解该城市的沙蝇群落及其种群生态学。在城市、城乡结合部和农村地区，每周使用自动诱蚊灯进行 15 个月的捕获。共捕获了 5562 只沙蝇，包括 17 个种。在农村地区，数量最多的物种是 Nyssomyia whitmani 和 Pintomyia pessoai，在城乡结合部是 Lutzomyia longipalpis 和 Ny. whitmani，在城市地区是 Lu. longipalpis。农村地区的物种丰富度最高，指示物种多样性指数最大。相似性指数表明城市和城乡结合部最相似。在干燥和潮湿时期，Lu. longipalpis 的数量都很多。城市地区存在感染了 Chagasi 利什曼原虫的狗，表明该地区存在疾病传播的高风险。Ny. whitmani 和 Pi. pessoai 在农村和城乡结合部的大量存在表明，ACL 可能会在皮尼亚尔镇的农村和城乡结合部出现新病例，并向城乡结合部蔓延。
