Pérez Trallero E, Cilla Eguiluz G, Dorronsoro Iraeta M, Saenz Dominguez J R
Microbiology Service, Hospital NS Aranzazu, San Sebastian, Spain.
Eur J Epidemiol. 1991 Mar;7(2):183-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00237364.
Since the early 1980s, Spain has practiced mass vaccination of preschool children and selective vaccination of prepubertal girls. Estimated vaccination coverage in the province of Guipúzcoa (Basque Country) in recent years is about 95% (confirmed minimums of 89% for preschool children and 87.5% for 11 to 12 year-old girls). From the seroepidemiological study we could deduce that there was extensive circulation of wild rubella virus until recently (72-75% of unvaccinated girls 10 to 11 years-old had rubella antibody). More than 98% of the population at risk, represented in this study by 13,564 women (67% of all who bore children over a four-year period), possessed rubella antibodies. In the course of the study period the number of subjects (puerperal women and children) susceptible to infection declined. In spite of this favorable situation, the seroepidemiological study disclosed certain gaps that should be corrected to meet the targets for the European Region of the Expanded Programme on Immunization, and to achieve the goal of elimination of wild rubella virus in the area.
自20世纪80年代初以来，西班牙一直对学龄前儿童进行大规模疫苗接种，并对青春期前女孩进行选择性疫苗接种。近年来，吉普斯夸省（巴斯克地区）的疫苗接种覆盖率估计约为95%（学龄前儿童的最低确认覆盖率为89%，11至12岁女孩的最低确认覆盖率为87.5%）。从血清流行病学研究中我们可以推断，直到最近野生风疹病毒仍在广泛传播（10至11岁未接种疫苗的女孩中有72-75%具有风疹抗体）。本研究中以13564名妇女（占四年内所有生育妇女的67%）为代表的超过98%的高危人群拥有风疹抗体。在研究期间，易感染的受试者（产妇和儿童）数量有所下降。尽管情况有利，但血清流行病学研究仍发现了一些差距，应加以纠正，以实现欧洲区域扩大免疫规划的目标，并在该地区实现消除野生风疹病毒的目标。
