Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo, Japan.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011 Jan;19(1):13-6. doi: 10.1038/oby.2010.105. Epub 2010 May 6.
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) can be identified by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) in adult humans. Thirteen healthy male volunteers aged 20-28 years underwent FDG-PET after 2-h cold exposure at 19 °C with light-clothing and intermittently putting their legs on an ice block. When exposed to cold, 6 out of the 13 subjects showed marked FDG uptake into adipose tissue of the supraclavicular and paraspinal regions (BAT-positive group), whereas the remaining seven showed no detectable uptake (BAT-negative group). The BMI and body fat content were similar in the two groups. Under warm conditions at 27 °C, the energy expenditure of the BAT-positive group estimated by indirect calorimetry was 1,446 ± 97 kcal/day, being comparable with that of the BAT-negative group (1,434 ± 246 kcal/day). After cold exposure, the energy expenditure increased markedly by 410 ± 293 (P < 0.05) and slightly by 42 ± 114 kcal/day (P = 0.37) in the BAT-positive and -negative groups, respectively. A positive correlation (P < 0.05) was found between the cold-induced rise in energy expenditure and the BAT activity quantified from FDG uptake. After cold exposure, the skin temperature in the supraclavicular region close to BAT deposits dropped by 0.14 °C in the BAT-positive group, whereas it dropped more markedly (P < 0.01) by 0.60 °C in the BAT-negative group. The skin temperature drop in other regions apart from BAT deposits was similar in the two groups. These results suggest that BAT is involved in cold-induced increases in whole-body energy expenditure, and, thereby, the control of body temperature and adiposity in adult humans.
棕色脂肪组织（BAT）可通过正电子发射断层扫描（PET）在成人中使用（18）F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）来识别。13 名年龄在 20-28 岁的健康男性志愿者在 19°C 的低温环境中穿着轻便的衣服并间歇性地将腿放在冰上 2 小时后进行 FDG-PET 检查。当暴露于寒冷环境中时，13 名受试者中有 6 名显示出肩胛和脊柱旁区域的脂肪组织中明显的 FDG 摄取（BAT 阳性组），而其余 7 名受试者则未检测到摄取（BAT 阴性组）。两组的 BMI 和体脂含量相似。在 27°C 的温暖条件下，间接测热法估计 BAT 阳性组的能量消耗为 1446±97kcal/天，与 BAT 阴性组相当（1434±246kcal/天）。暴露于寒冷环境后，BAT 阳性和阴性组的能量消耗分别显著增加了 410±293（P<0.05）和 42±114kcal/天（P=0.37）。在 BAT 阳性组中，与 BAT 相关的能量消耗与 FDG 摄取所量化的 BAT 活性之间存在正相关（P<0.05）。暴露于寒冷环境后，BAT 阳性组中靠近 BAT 沉积的肩胛区域的皮肤温度下降了 0.14°C，而 BAT 阴性组的皮肤温度下降了更明显（P<0.01），下降了 0.60°C。除 BAT 沉积外，两组其他区域的皮肤温度下降相似。这些结果表明，BAT 参与了寒冷诱导的全身能量消耗的增加，从而控制了成年人体内的体温和体脂含量。
