Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2010 Apr;43(2):105-10. doi: 10.1016/S1684-1182(10)60017-5.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Rotavirus is a major causative agent of pediatric gastroenteritis throughout the world. However, other viruses such as norovirus also play an important role, but have seldom been studied in Taipei, Taiwan. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence and clinical manifestations of different types of viral gastroenteritis in Taipei, focusing especially on the disease burden of norovirus.
Between November 2004 and April 2005, stool samples were collected from hospitalized pediatric patients with a diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis. Clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and hospitalization course of the patients were all analyzed. Stool cultures for bacteria and rotavirus antigens were performed. All samples were tested for norovirus, enteric adenovirus, and astrovirus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
A total of 75 stool specimens were collected during the 6-month period. Fifteen (20.0%) were positive for norovirus (3 genogroup I and 12 genogroup II). Three (4.0%) were positive for enteric adeno-virus, and one (1.3%) for astrovirus. Nine (12.0%) patients had positive rotavirus antigen tests. Bacterial pathogens were found in 12 patients (16.0%), including seven cases of Salmonella, and five of Campylobacter. The patients with norovirus gastroenteritis were aged between 1.5-7.5 years old (median 20 months old). Fever was found in six patients (40.0%), and bloody, mucoid stools in three (20.0%). The mean hospitalization time was 3.3 days. None of them had complications.
During the study period, norovirus was the most common pathogen causing hospitalized pediatric gastroenteritis in our hospital. Genogroup II was the predominant type (80.0%). Clinicians in Taipei should, therefore, be aware of the emergence of norovirus infections.
背景/目的：轮状病毒是全世界小儿肠胃炎的主要致病原。然而，诺如病毒等其他病毒也扮演着重要的角色，但在台湾台北，它们的研究则相对较少。本研究旨在调查台北地区不同类型病毒性肠胃炎的流行情况和临床表现，尤其关注诺如病毒的疾病负担。
在 2004 年 11 月至 2005 年 4 月期间，采集了因急性肠胃炎住院的儿科患者的粪便样本。分析了患者的临床表现、实验室数据和住院过程。对粪便进行细菌培养和轮状病毒抗原检测。使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测所有样本的诺如病毒、肠腺病毒和星状病毒。
在 6 个月的时间里，共收集了 75 份粪便标本。其中 15 份（20.0%）检测出诺如病毒（3 种基因型 I 和 12 种基因型 II）阳性。3 份（4.0%）为肠腺病毒阳性，1 份（1.3%）为星状病毒阳性。9 份（12.0%）患者的轮状病毒抗原检测呈阳性。12 例（16.0%）患者检出细菌病原体，包括 7 例沙门氏菌和 5 例弯曲菌。诺如病毒肠胃炎患者年龄在 1.5-7.5 岁之间（中位数为 20 个月）。6 例（40.0%）患者有发热，3 例（20.0%）患者有血性黏液样粪便。平均住院时间为 3.3 天。他们均无并发症。
在研究期间，诺如病毒是我院住院小儿肠胃炎的最常见病原体。基因型 II 是主要流行类型（80.0%）。因此，台北的临床医生应该意识到诺如病毒感染的出现。
