London Bombings Steering Group, Health Protection Agency, Centre for Infection, London, UK.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;25(2):139-44. doi: 10.1017/s1049023x00007871.
On 07 July 2005, four bombs were detonated in London, killing 52 members of the public. Approximately 700 individuals received treatment either at the scene or at nearby hospitals.
HYPOTHESIS/PROBLEM: Significant concerns about the potential long-term psychological and physical health effects of exposure to the explosions were raised immediately after the bombings. To address these concerns, a public health register was established for the purpose of following-up with individuals exposed to the explosions.
Invitations to enroll in the register were sent to individuals exposed to the explosions. A range of health, emergency, and humanitarian service records relating to the response to the explosions were used to identify eligible individuals. Follow-up was undertaken through self-administered questionnaires. The number of patients exposed to fumes, smoke, dust, and who experienced blood splashes, individuals who reported injuries, and the type and duration of health symptoms were calculated. Odds ratios of health symptoms by exposure for greater or less than 30 minutes were calculated.
A total of 784 eligible individuals were identified, of whom, 258 (33%) agreed to participate in the register, and 173 (22%) returned completed questionnaires between 8 to 23 months after the explosions. The majority of individuals reported exposure to fumes, smoke, or dust, while more than two-fifths also reported exposure to blood. In addition to cuts and puncture wounds, the most frequent injury was ear damage. Most individuals experienced health symptoms for less than four weeks, with the exception of hearing problems, which lasted longer. Four-fifths of individuals felt that they had suffered emotional distress and half of them were receiving counseling.
The results indicated that the main long-term health effects, apart from those associated with traumatic amputations, were hearing loss and psychological disorders. While these findings provide a degree of reassurance of the absence of long-term effects, the low response rate limits the extent to which this can be extrapolated to all those exposed to the bombings. Given the importance of immediate assessment of the range and type of exposure and injury in incidents such as the London bombings, and the difficulties in contacting individuals after the immediate response phase, there is need to develop better systems for identifying and enrolling exposed individuals into post-incident health monitoring.
2005 年 7 月 7 日，伦敦发生四起爆炸，造成 52 名公众死亡。大约 700 人在现场或附近医院接受治疗。
假设/问题：爆炸发生后，人们对爆炸暴露人群的潜在长期心理健康和身体健康影响表示高度关注。为了解决这些担忧，建立了一个公共卫生登记册，以便对爆炸暴露人群进行随访。
向爆炸暴露人群发出登记册邀请。使用与爆炸反应相关的一系列健康、紧急和人道主义服务记录来确定符合条件的个人。通过自我管理问卷进行随访。计算接触烟雾、灰尘、血液飞溅的患者人数、报告受伤的人数以及健康症状的类型和持续时间。计算暴露时间大于或小于 30 分钟的健康症状的比值比。
共确定了 784 名符合条件的个体，其中 258 名（33%）同意参与登记册，173 名（22%）在爆炸发生后 8 至 23 个月内返回了完整的问卷。大多数人报告接触过烟雾、灰尘或灰尘，超过五分之二的人报告接触过血液。除了割伤和刺伤外，最常见的损伤是耳部损伤。大多数人经历了不到四周的健康症状，除了听力问题，这些症状持续时间更长。五分之四的人感到情绪困扰，一半的人正在接受咨询。
结果表明，除了与创伤性截肢相关的健康影响外，主要的长期健康影响是听力损失和心理障碍。虽然这些发现在一定程度上证明了没有长期影响，但低回应率限制了将这些发现推广到所有暴露于爆炸事件的人群的程度。鉴于在伦敦爆炸事件等事件中立即评估暴露和伤害的范围和类型的重要性，以及在紧急反应阶段后联系个人的困难，有必要开发更好的系统来识别和登记事件暴露人群进入事后健康监测。
