Department of Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Jul 15;408(16):3493-5. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.040. Epub 2010 May 14.
Applications of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have led to a PFC exposure of the general population worldwide. Most PFC human biomonitoring data are available from developed countries. Here we report for the first time PFC levels in serum from children and adults living in the low developed country of Afghanistan. Among a health cooperation project we had the chance to collect blood samples from 12 children (age 2.5-9 years) and 43 adults (age 20-65 years). 25 participants were from Kabul and 30 lived in a rural area. Drinking water samples were collected from 10 tap water and 16 well water sources. PFC levels were determined by HPLC and MS/MS detection after offline protein precipitation with acetonitrile. PFOS could be quantified in all blood samples (limit of quantification, LOQ: 0.1 microg/l). Median (range) was 1.2 microg/l (0.21-11.8 microg/l). Most PFOA (n=43) and PFHxS levels (n=42) were below LOQ of 0.5 microg/l. Maximum levels were 1.5 (PFOA) and 3.0 microg/l (PFHxS). All PFOS and PFOA concentrations in drinking water were below LOQ (PFOA 0.03 microg/l and PFOS 0.015 microg/l). It is concluded that exposure to PFCs also occurs in Afghanistan but on a very low level.
全氟化合物（PFCs）的应用已导致全世界普通人群受到 PFC 暴露。大多数 PFC 人体生物监测数据来自发达国家。在这里，我们首次报告了生活在欠发达国家阿富汗的儿童和成人血清中的 PFC 水平。在一项卫生合作项目中，我们有机会从 12 名儿童（2.5-9 岁）和 43 名成年人（20-65 岁）中采集血液样本。25 名参与者来自喀布尔，30 名来自农村地区。我们从 10 个自来水和 16 个井水水源中采集了水样。采用 HPLC 和 MS/MS 检测法，在离线用乙腈沉淀蛋白后，对 PFC 水平进行了测定。所有血液样本均可定量检测出全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS，LOQ：0.1μg/l）。中位数（范围）为 1.2μg/l（0.21-11.8μg/l）。大多数全氟辛酸（PFOA，n=43）和全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS，n=42）水平低于 0.5μg/l 的 LOQ。最高水平分别为 1.5μg/l（PFOA）和 3.0μg/l（PFHxS）。饮用水中所有 PFOS 和 PFOA 浓度均低于 LOQ（PFOA 0.03μg/l，PFOS 0.015μg/l）。研究结果表明，阿富汗也存在 PFC 暴露，但水平非常低。
