Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2010 Jun 15;140(2-3):93-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.04.017. Epub 2010 Apr 24.
In this review we focus on the revision of the prebiotic concept in the context of the new metagenomic era. Functional metagenomic data provided by the Human Microbiome Project are revolutionizing the view of the symbiotic relationship between the intestinal microbiota and the human host. A deeper knowledge of the mechanisms that govern the dynamic interplay between diet, intestinal microbiota and host nutrition opens the way to better information on the prebiotic structure-function relationships, tailoring prebiotic formula into specific health attributes. On the other hand, functional genomic studies of the sourdough microbial communities allow to scan the environmental variability to identify novel metabolic traits for the biosynthesis of new potential prebiotic molecules. The integration of the functional analyses provided by the massive sequencing of bacterial genomes and metagenomes will allow the rational production of a desired prebiotic molecule with specific functional properties.
在这篇综述中，我们专注于在新的宏基因组时代背景下对益生元概念的修订。人类微生物组计划提供的功能性宏基因组数据正在彻底改变人们对肠道微生物群与人类宿主共生关系的看法。对控制饮食、肠道微生物群和宿主营养之间动态相互作用的机制的更深入了解，为更好地了解益生元结构-功能关系开辟了道路，可以将益生元配方定制为特定的健康属性。另一方面，对发酵面团微生物群落的功能基因组研究可以扫描环境变异性，从而确定用于合成新潜在益生元分子的新型代谢特征。对大量细菌基因组和宏基因组测序提供的功能分析进行整合，将允许对具有特定功能特性的所需益生元分子进行合理生产。
