成人注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD 指数）的遗传流行病学。
Genetic epidemiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD index) in adults.
机构信息
Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2010 May 12;5(5):e10621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010621.
CONTEXT
In contrast to the large number of studies in children, there is little information on the contribution of genetic factors to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the heritability of ADHD in adults as assessed by the ADHD index scored from the CAARS (Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales).
DESIGN
Phenotype data from over 12,000 adults (twins, siblings and parents) registered with the Netherlands Twin Register were analyzed using genetic structural equation modeling.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Heritability estimates for ADHD from the twin-family study.
RESULTS
Heritability of ADHD in adults is estimated around 30% in men and women. There is some evidence for assortative mating. All familial transmission is explained by genetic inheritance, there is no support for the hypothesis that cultural transmission from parents to offspring is important.
CONCLUSION
Heritability for ADHD features in adults is present, but is substantially lower than it is in children.
背景
相较于大量针对儿童的研究，成人注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的遗传因素的相关信息却很少。
目的
采用 CAARS（康纳斯成人 ADHD 评定量表）的 ADHD 指数对 ADHD 进行评估，以此来估计成人 ADHD 的遗传度。
设计
利用荷兰双胞胎登记处登记的超过 12000 名成年人（双胞胎、兄弟姐妹和父母）的表型数据，采用遗传结构方程模型进行分析。
主要观察指标
来自双胞胎-家庭研究的 ADHD 遗传度估计值。
结果
男性和女性的成人 ADHD 遗传度估计值约为 30%。存在同型交配的一些证据。所有的家族传递都可以用遗传继承来解释，没有证据支持父母向子女传递文化的假说很重要。
结论
成人 ADHD 特征的遗传度存在，但远低于儿童的遗传度。
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