Lee Eun J, Hwang In K, Kim Nam Y, Lee Kyung L, Han Myun S, Lee Yang H, Kim Mu Y, Yang Moon S
DNA Analysis Sector, Western District Office of National Institute of Scientific Investigation, Jangsung-Gun, Chonnam, South Korea.
J Forensic Sci. 2010 Sep;55(5):1202-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01423.x.
The proper identification of illicit plants such as Papaver somniferum L (opium poppy) is important for law enforcement agencies. The identification of opium poppy was presently tested using 10 genetic markers that are universal for all plants or specific to a few poppy plants. The genetic distances of universal markers such as nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 18S rRNA, plastid rbcL, and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) of 14 species included in the Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae family were acquired by sequence comparisons. Both the ITS region and trnL-trnF IGS showed high levels of interspecific divergence. Six Papaver genera-specific markers were developed from coding regions involved in morphine biosynthesis. Three markers (TYDC, NCS, and BBE) produced amplicons only in opium poppy, providing a presence/absence test for opium poppy, while three additional markers (CYP80B1, SAT, and COR) were genus specific. These 10 markers might be useful for the forensic DNA analysis of opium poppy.
准确识别诸如罂粟（Papaver somniferum L）等非法植物对执法机构而言至关重要。目前利用10种基因标记对罂粟进行识别，这些标记对所有植物具有通用性或对少数罂粟植物具有特异性。通过序列比较获得了罂粟科和紫堇科14个物种的通用标记（如核内转录间隔区（ITS）、18S rRNA、叶绿体rbcL以及trnL - trnF基因间隔区（IGS））的遗传距离。ITS区域和trnL - trnF IGS均显示出高水平的种间差异。从参与吗啡生物合成的编码区开发了6个罂粟属特异性标记。其中3个标记（酪氨酸/多巴脱羧酶（TYDC）、氮杂环丁烷合酶（NCS）和苯甲酰苯乙醇酮氧化酶（BBE））仅在罂粟中产生扩增子，为罂粟提供了存在/缺失检测，而另外3个标记（细胞色素P450 80B1（CYP80B1）、丝氨酸乙酰转移酶（SAT）和肉豆蔻酰辅酶A还原酶（COR））是属特异性的。这10个标记可能对罂粟的法医DNA分析有用。
