Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Osteoporos Int. 2011 Apr;22(4):1115-21. doi: 10.1007/s00198-010-1289-z. Epub 2010 May 26.
Osteoporosis is a major public health problem worldwide. Its significance in the fields of traumatology and implantology of the maxillofacial area requires investigation. A large animal model was used to assess bone loss in the lumbar spine and mandible.
Osteoporosis is a prevalent disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. Osteoporosis-related fractures represent a major public health burden. The presence and relevance of osteoporosis in the maxillofacial area remain controversial. Research in humans is limited by difficulties in finding large homogenous study groups and, due to ethical considerations, numerous animal models have been used in osteoporosis research. The aim of this study was to assess a sheep model of generalized osteopenia for changes in the maxillofacial area.
Bone loss was induced in ten Merino sheep by ovariectomy, intramuscular administration of glucocorticoids, and a calcium-reduced diet. Five untreated animals served as controls. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine at baseline and after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Lumbar and mandibular bone biopsies were obtained and analyzed with microcomputed tomography.
Lumbar BMD decreased progressively in the intervention group and was most significantly low after 6 months (p < 0.001). Lumbar trabecular bone showed a significant decrease in bone volume (BV)/tissue volume (TV; p < 0.05) in the inducted group. Significant changes were found in both analyzed mandibular regions for BV/TV (p < 0.05). Regional variations were found for other parameters in the mandible. The cortical width was substantially reduced in the intervention group (p < 0.001).
Microstructural changes occurring in sheep as a result of induction seem to have a generalized nature. This sheep model meets the criteria for further investigation in the maxillofacial area.
骨质疏松症是全球范围内的一个主要公共卫生问题。其在颌面创伤学和植入物领域的重要性需要研究。本研究采用大型动物模型评估腰椎和下颌骨的骨丢失。
骨质疏松症是一种常见疾病，其特征是骨量低和骨组织微结构恶化。与骨质疏松症相关的骨折是一个主要的公共卫生负担。颌面区域骨质疏松症的存在和相关性仍存在争议。由于在人类中难以找到大型同质研究组，并且由于伦理考虑，因此在骨质疏松症研究中使用了许多动物模型。本研究旨在评估绵羊全身性骨质减少模型在颌面区域的变化。
通过卵巢切除术、肌肉内给予糖皮质激素和低钙饮食诱导十只美利奴绵羊发生骨丢失。五只未处理的动物作为对照组。在基线和 1、3、6、9 和 12 个月时，通过双能 X 射线吸收法评估腰椎的骨矿物质密度 (BMD)。获取腰椎和下颌骨活检，并通过微计算机断层扫描进行分析。
干预组的腰椎 BMD 逐渐下降，在 6 个月时最低（p<0.001）。诱导组的腰椎小梁骨的骨体积/组织体积 (BV/TV) 显著降低（p<0.05）。分析的下颌骨两个区域的 BV/TV 均有显著变化（p<0.05）。下颌骨的其他参数也存在区域差异。干预组的皮质宽度明显减少（p<0.001）。
由于诱导而在绵羊中发生的微观结构变化似乎具有普遍性。这种绵羊模型符合在颌面区域进一步研究的标准。
