Computational and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, M/C 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Brain Struct Funct. 2010 Jun;214(5-6):645-53. doi: 10.1007/s00429-010-0253-1. Epub 2010 May 29.
Most accounts of the function of anterior insula in the human brain refer to concepts that are difficult to formalize, such as feelings and awareness. The discovery of signals that reflect risk assessment and risk learning, however, opens the door to formal analysis. Hitherto, activations have been correlated with objective versions of risk and risk prediction error, but subjective versions (influenced by pessimism/optimism or risk aversion/tolerance) exist. Activation in closely related cortical structures has been found to be both objective (anterior cingulate cortex) and subjective (inferior frontal gyrus). For this quantitative analysis of uncertainty-induced neuronal activation to further understanding of insula's role in feelings and awareness, however, formalization and documentation of the relation between uncertainty and feelings/awareness will be needed. One obvious starting point is the link with failure anxiety and error awareness.
大多数关于人脑前岛叶功能的描述都涉及到难以形式化的概念，例如感觉和意识。然而，对反映风险评估和风险学习的信号的发现为正式分析打开了大门。迄今为止，激活与风险和风险预测误差的客观版本相关，但也存在主观版本（受悲观/乐观或风险厌恶/容忍度的影响）。在密切相关的皮质结构中发现的激活既是客观的（前扣带皮层），也是主观的（下额回）。然而，为了使这种对不确定性引起的神经元激活的定量分析进一步了解岛叶在感觉和意识中的作用，需要对不确定性和感觉/意识之间的关系进行形式化和记录。一个明显的起点是与失败焦虑和错误意识的联系。
