International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad 500 032, India.
Adv Mater. 2010 Apr 22;22(16):1781-804. doi: 10.1002/adma.200901271.
Metal nanoparticles have been the subject of widespread research over the past two decades. In recent years, noble metals have been the focus of numerous studies involving synthesis, characterization, and applications. Synthesis of an impressive range of noble metal nanoparticles with varied morphologies has been reported. Researchers have made a great progress in learning how to engineer materials on a nanometer length scale that has led to the understanding of the fundamental size- and shape-dependent properties of matter and to devising of new applications. In this article, we review the recent progress in the colloid-chemical synthesis of nonspherical nanoparticles of a few important noble metals (mainly Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt), highlighting the factors that influence the particle morphology and discussing the mechanisms behind the nonspherical shape evolution. The article attempts to present a thorough discussion of the basic principles as well as state-of-the-art morphology control in noble metal nanoparticles.
金属纳米粒子在过去二十年中一直是广泛研究的主题。近年来,贵金属已成为许多涉及合成、表征和应用的研究的焦点。已经报道了一系列具有不同形态的贵金属纳米粒子的令人印象深刻的合成。研究人员在学习如何在纳米尺度上设计材料方面取得了很大进展,这导致了对物质的基本尺寸和形状依赖性特性的理解,并设计出了新的应用。在本文中,我们综述了近年来几种重要贵金属(主要是 Ag、Au、Pd 和 Pt)的非球形纳米粒子的胶态化学合成方面的最新进展,重点讨论了影响颗粒形态的因素,并探讨了非球形形貌演变的机制。本文试图对贵金属纳米粒子的基本原理和最新的形态控制进行全面的讨论。
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