INSERM, U1018 Centre for Research in Epidemiology & Population Health, Hopital Paul Brousse, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Bâtiment 15/16, F-94807, Villejuif, France.
Mol Neurodegener. 2010 Jun 1;5:23. doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-5-23.
The extent to which the effect of risk factors on cognitive ageing is dependent on APOE epsilon4 remains unclear. The objective of this study is to examine whether APOE epsilon4 allele modifies the association between health behaviors and cognition in late midlife. Data are drawn from 5447 participants of the Whitehall II study, health behaviors were assessed in 1997-1999 (mean age = 55.6, Standard Deviation (SD) = 6.0) and APOE genotype and cognitive function in 2002-2004 (mean age = 60.9, SD = 5.9). Among APOE epsilon4 non-carriers, current smokers had lower scores on memory (difference in T-score = -2.49, 95%CI: -3.37, -1.60), reasoning (-2.88, 95%CI: -3.74, -2.01), phonemic (-2.66, 95%CI: -3.56, -1.76) and semantic (-2.38, 95%CI: -3.28, -1.47) fluency compared to never smokers. In APOE epsilon4 carriers, difference between current and never smokers was seen only for reasoning (-1.92, 95%CI: -3.31, -0.51). Interaction terms supported differential effects of smoking as a function of APOE epsilon4 status for memory (p = 0.01), and phonemic (p = 0.008) and semantic fluency (p = 0.02). Cognitive scores were lower among non-drinkers compared to moderate drinkers, among the sedentary participants and those who ate fruits and vegetable less than 2 times per day irrespective of APOE epsilon4 status. This study suggests that the APOE epsilon4 allele modifies the association of smoking but not that of other health behaviors - alcohol consumption, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption - with cognitive function in late midlife.
风险因素对认知老化的影响在多大程度上取决于 APOE ε4 仍然不清楚。本研究的目的是检验 APOE ε4 等位基因是否改变了中年后期健康行为与认知之间的关联。数据来自 Whitehall II 研究的 5447 名参与者，健康行为评估于 1997-1999 年（平均年龄=55.6，标准差（SD）=6.0）进行，APOE 基因型和认知功能于 2002-2004 年（平均年龄=60.9，SD=5.9）进行。在 APOE ε4 非携带者中，当前吸烟者的记忆力评分较低（T 评分差值=-2.49，95%CI：-3.37，-1.60）、推理能力（-2.88，95%CI：-3.74，-2.01）、语音流畅性（-2.66，95%CI：-3.56，-1.76）和语义流畅性（-2.38，95%CI：-3.28，-1.47）与从不吸烟者相比。在 APOE ε4 携带者中，仅在推理能力方面观察到当前吸烟者和从不吸烟者之间的差异（-1.92，95%CI：-3.31，-0.51）。交互项支持吸烟作为 APOE ε4 状态的函数的不同影响，用于记忆（p=0.01）和语音流畅性（p=0.008）和语义流畅性（p=0.02）。无论 APOE ε4 状态如何，与适度饮酒者相比，不饮酒者的认知评分较低；与久坐不动的参与者相比，不饮酒者的认知评分较低；与每天食用水果和蔬菜少于 2 次的参与者相比，不饮酒者的认知评分较低。本研究表明，APOE ε4 等位基因改变了吸烟与中年后期认知功能的关联，但不改变其他健康行为（饮酒、体育活动、水果和蔬菜摄入）与认知功能的关联。
