Samsoniene Laimute, Baubinas Algirdas, Adomaitiene Rūta, Jankauskiene Konstancija, Korotkich Igor, Kevelaitis Egidijus
Health and Sports Center, Vilnius University, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2010;46(3):211-8.
The International Olympic and Paralympic Committees have decided that in 2012, the Olympic and Parolympic Games in London will take place at the same time. For this reason, the aim of our study was to determine whether athletes with disability in Lithuania have the same possibilities for sports - and thus for integration into the unified Lithuanian sports system - as those without disability. An anonymous inquiry of athletes with and without disability was performed in 2006. We analyzed 235 questionnaires filled in by the participants of the study; 159 subjects were with and 76 without disability. The Lithuanian Paralympic Committee approved the questionnaires and gave an agreement for the study. The inquiry was performed in Lithuanian sports clubs for the persons with disability and in the Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education. The obtained findings about the respondents' personality and environmental factors indicated that the indices of self-awareness in all athletes without disability were significantly higher than in athletes with disability (P<0.05). More than one-half (56.6%) of the respondents without disability indicated that their life was meaningful, whereas the respective percentage of athletes with disability was only 33.8% (P<0.05). As many as 59% of the respondents without disability were satisfied with their quality of life, compared to 36.2% of the respondents with disability. More than one-half (56.6%) of athletes without disability indicated that sports played an important role in their lives, whereas the respective percentage of athletes with disability was significantly lower - 33.2%. Only one-half (51.6%) of the participants with disability of the study had a permanent instructor (coach). The absolute majority of the respondents (irrespectively of the presence or absence of disability) indicated that sports helped them realize their potential. According to our findings, the majority of the respondents without disability (74.6%) and the absolute majority of respondents with disability (92.5%) indicated that sports of the persons with disability is not sufficiently propagated in mass media. Age and sex did not have any influence on the factors studied. Insufficient information about sports of the persons with disability and significantly lower indices in personality, physical and social environmental factors among athletes with disability are the main obstacles in the creation of an independent social sports system for the persons with disability and integration of these athletes into the general Lithuanian sports system in the aspect of equal possibilities.
国际奥委会和国际残奥委会已决定，2012年伦敦奥运会和残奥会将同时举行。出于这个原因，我们研究的目的是确定立陶宛残疾运动员是否与非残疾运动员有相同的体育机会，从而确定他们融入立陶宛统一体育系统的可能性。2006年，我们对残疾和非残疾运动员进行了匿名调查。我们分析了研究参与者填写的235份问卷；159名受试者有残疾，76名没有残疾。立陶宛残奥委会批准了问卷并同意进行这项研究。调查在立陶宛残疾人体育俱乐部和立陶宛体育学院对残疾人进行。关于受访者个性和环境因素的调查结果表明，所有非残疾运动员的自我意识指数显著高于残疾运动员（P<0.05）。超过一半（56.6%）的非残疾受访者表示他们的生活有意义，而残疾运动员的相应比例仅为33.8%（P<0.05）。多达59%的非残疾受访者对他们的生活质量感到满意，而残疾受访者的这一比例为36.2%。超过一半（56.6%）的非残疾运动员表示体育在他们的生活中发挥了重要作用，而残疾运动员的相应比例显著较低，为33.2%。该研究中只有一半（51.6%）的残疾参与者有固定的教练。绝大多数受访者（无论有无残疾）表示体育帮助他们发挥了潜力。根据我们的调查结果，大多数非残疾受访者（74.6%）和绝大多数残疾受访者（92.5%）表示，残疾人体育在大众媒体中的宣传不足。年龄和性别对所研究的因素没有任何影响。关于残疾人体育的信息不足，以及残疾运动员在个性、身体和社会环境因素方面的指数显著较低，是在平等机会方面为残疾人建立独立社会体育系统并将这些运动员融入立陶宛总体体育系统的主要障碍。
