Dupuy P, Saunière J F, Vis H L, Leclaire M, Lombardo D
Service de Gastroenterologie, Hôpital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France.
Lipids. 1991 Feb;26(2):134-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02544007.
Two hundred eighty-one milk samples collected from Zaïrian nonprivileged, undernourished mothers, in series of nine groups from 1 month to 18 months after parturition, and 66 milk samples collected from French privileged mothers in series of four groups from 2 days to 16 months postpartum, were analyzed for their lactose, lipid and protein contents. In addition, the activity of bile salt-dependent lipase (esterase), which may play an important role in the newborn infant's lipids digestion, was measured. After the first month postpartum, independent of the nutritional state of the mother, sugar and protein concentrations were identical. Lipid content of French mothers' milk was lower in transitional milk, but appeared constant in mature milk with an average value of 29.1 +/- 5.8 mg/mL of milk. In Zaïrian mothers' milk, the lipid content of mature milk plateaued at around 50-55 mg/mL independent of the stage of lactation. Bile salt-dependent lipase showed constant esterase activity within the lactation stage in privileged mothers' milk, but decreased by almost 80-90% during the first four months of lactation in undernourished mothers. The data suggest that milk from nonprivileged mothers may lose some of its ability to hydrolyze milk lipid esters, which could also be of consequence to the infant's normal growth in view of its effect on the esters of the lipid-soluble vitamins A, E and D.
从扎伊尔贫困、营养不良的母亲那里收集了281份母乳样本，这些样本按产后1个月至18个月分为9组；还从法国条件优越的母亲那里收集了66份母乳样本，按产后2天至16个月分为4组。对这些样本的乳糖、脂质和蛋白质含量进行了分析。此外，还测量了胆汁盐依赖性脂肪酶（酯酶）的活性，该酶可能在新生儿脂质消化中起重要作用。产后第一个月后，无论母亲的营养状况如何，糖和蛋白质浓度都是相同的。法国母亲母乳中的脂质含量在过渡乳中较低，但在成熟乳中似乎保持恒定，平均值为29.1 +/- 5.8毫克/毫升母乳。在扎伊尔母亲的母乳中，成熟乳中的脂质含量在50 - 55毫克/毫升左右达到平稳，与泌乳阶段无关。胆汁盐依赖性脂肪酶在条件优越的母亲母乳的泌乳阶段酯酶活性保持恒定，但在营养不良的母亲中，泌乳的前四个月酯酶活性下降了近80 - 90%。数据表明，贫困母亲的母乳可能会失去一些水解乳脂酯的能力，鉴于其对脂溶性维生素A、E和D的酯的影响，这也可能对婴儿的正常生长产生影响。
