Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Jun;82(6):1160-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0310.
West Nile virus (WNV) causes serious neurologic disease, but no licensed vaccines are available to prevent this disease in humans. We have developed RepliVAX WN, a single-cycle flavivirus with an expected safety profile superior to other types of live-attenuated viral vaccines. In this report we describe studies examining RepliVAX WN safety, potency, and efficacy in a non-human primate model of WNV infection. A single immunization of four rhesus macaques with RepliVAX WN was safe and elicited detectable neutralizing antibody titers and IgM and IgG responses, and IgG titers were increased in two animals that received a second immunization. After challenge with WNV, three of four immunized animals were completely protected from viremia, and the remaining animal showed minimal viremia on one day. In contrast, the unvaccinated animal developed viremia that lasted six days. These results demonstrate the efficacy and safety of RepliVAX WN in this primate model of WNV infection.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）可引起严重的神经疾病，但目前尚无可用的人类预防该疾病的疫苗。我们开发了 RepliVAX WN，这是一种单周期黄病毒，其预期安全性优于其他类型的减毒活病毒疫苗。在本报告中，我们描述了在西尼罗河病毒感染的非人灵长类动物模型中研究 RepliVAX WN 的安全性、效力和疗效的研究。单次免疫 4 只恒河猴用 RepliVAX WN 是安全的，并引起可检测的中和抗体滴度和 IgM 和 IgG 反应，并且在接受第二次免疫的两只动物中 IgG 滴度增加。在接受 WNV 挑战后，四分之三的免疫动物完全免受病毒血症的影响，而其余动物在一天内仅表现出轻微的病毒血症。相比之下，未接种疫苗的动物的病毒血症持续了六天。这些结果表明 RepliVAX WN 在这种西尼罗河病毒感染的灵长类动物模型中具有疗效和安全性。
