Blagosklonny Mikhail V
Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Aging (Albany NY). 2010 May;2(5):265-73. doi: 10.18632/aging.100149.
Women live longer than men. Yet, it is believed that men do not age faster than women but simply are weaker at every age. In contrast, I discuss that men age faster. From evolutionary perspective, high accidental death rate in young males is compatible with fast aging. Mechanistically, hyper-activated mTOR (Target of Rapamycin) may render young males robust at the cost of accelerated aging. But if women age slower, why then is it women who have menopause? Some believe that menopause is programmed and purposeful (grandmother theory). In contrast, I discuss how menopause is not programmed but rather is an aimless continuation of the same program that initially starts reproduction at puberty. This quasi-program causes over-activation of female reproductive system, which is very vulnerable to over-activation. Mechanisms of aging and menopause are discussed.
女性比男性寿命更长。然而，人们认为男性并非比女性衰老得更快，只是在每个年龄段都更脆弱。相比之下，我认为男性衰老得更快。从进化的角度来看，年轻男性的高意外死亡率与快速衰老相契合。从机制上讲，过度激活的雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）可能会使年轻男性强壮，但以加速衰老为代价。但如果女性衰老得更慢，那为什么是女性经历更年期呢？一些人认为更年期是有计划且有目的的（祖母理论）。相比之下，我探讨了更年期并非是有计划的，而是青春期开始生殖的同一程序的无目的延续。这种准程序会导致女性生殖系统过度激活，而该系统非常容易受到过度激活的影响。本文讨论了衰老和更年期的机制。
