Qaisar Imran, Ahmad Ameer, Ahmad Fiaz, ullah Mazhar Atta
Department of Paediatrics, Quaid-i-Azam Medical College/Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2009 Apr-Jun;21(2):30-2.
Measles is the most common and the most infectious of the viral infections of childhood. It can cause severe pneumonia, diarrhoea, encephalitis, and death. A significant proportion of deaths due to measles in young children worldwide are attributable to low weight for age To compare the measles complications in well-nourished and mal-nourished children, this cross-sectional study was conducted at Paediatric out-patient department and paediatric unit 1 Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur.
Total 120 patients were included in the study. All patients presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of measles according to WHO criteria. These patients were divided into well-nourished and malnourished according to the modified Gomez classification. Both groups were evaluated for measles complications like pneumonia, diarrhoea, encephalitis, corneal ulceration, thrombocytopenia, otitis media and myocarditis by detailed history and complete physical examination, and statistically analysed.
In the studied patients, 75 were males and 45 were females. Mean age was 23 months. Fifty-nine (49.2%) patients were well-nourished and 61 (50.8%) were undernourished. Fifty-two (43.3%) patients were having pneumonia. Fifty-three (44.2%) patients were having diarrhoea. Twenty-six (21.7%) patients were having encephalitis. Corneal ulceration was found in 9 (7.5%) patients. Thrombocytopenia and otitis media was present in 1 patient in each group. Fourteen patients expired.
Measles is a global epidemic problem having many serious complications, including pneumonia, diarrhoea, encephalitis, corneal ulcerations etc. Moreover these complications are more frequent in under nourished children. Efforts should be made to improve the nutritional status of the children and to eradicate this disease by effective vaccination.
麻疹是儿童期最常见且传染性最强的病毒感染性疾病。它可导致严重的肺炎、腹泻、脑炎及死亡。全球范围内，很大一部分幼儿因麻疹死亡可归因于低体重。为比较营养良好与营养不良儿童的麻疹并发症情况，本横断面研究在巴哈瓦尔布尔的巴哈瓦尔维多利亚医院儿科门诊及儿科1病房开展。
本研究共纳入120例患者。所有患者均根据世界卫生组织标准出现提示麻疹的症状和体征。这些患者根据改良的戈麦斯分类法分为营养良好组和营养不良组。通过详细病史及全面体格检查对两组患者的麻疹并发症如肺炎、腹泻、脑炎、角膜溃疡、血小板减少、中耳炎及心肌炎进行评估，并进行统计学分析。
在研究患者中，男性75例，女性45例。平均年龄为23个月。59例（49.2%）患者营养良好，61例（50.8%）患者营养不良。52例（43.3%）患者患有肺炎。53例（44.2%）患者患有腹泻。26例（21.7%）患者患有脑炎。9例（7.5%）患者发现有角膜溃疡。每组各有1例患者出现血小板减少和中耳炎。14例患者死亡。
麻疹是一个全球性流行问题，有许多严重并发症，包括肺炎、腹泻、脑炎、角膜溃疡等。此外，这些并发症在营养不良儿童中更常见。应努力改善儿童营养状况，并通过有效接种疫苗根除该疾病。
