Siddiqui Tahir Saeed, Idris Muhammad
Department of Paediatrics, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2008 Apr-Jun;20(2):14-6.
Measles is a highly communicable viral illness and is common cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. Keeping in view the high prevalence of measles in the developing world, we carried out this study to look into the complicated measles cases and clinical outcome in patients admitted in children ward of Ayub Teaching Hospital.
Detailed history and physical examination of all the hospitalized patients with complication of measles were recorded in a proforma. Immunization and nutritional status of each admitted patient was assessed and the clinical outcome of measles was compared with demographic profile.
One hundred thirty six hospitalized patients with complications of measles were studied. There was 60.3% male and 57.3% of patients were vaccinated against measles. Malnourished patients were 71.35% and had longer hospital stay (> 5 days). Pneumonia (39.7%) and diarrhoea (38.2%) were the commonest complications. Seven children died and encephalitis (57.1%) was the commonest cause of death.
The most common complications of measles are pneumonia and diarrhoea with dehydration requiring admission. Malnutrition results in more complications and longer hospital stay. Mortality is significantly associated with encephalitis.
麻疹是一种传染性很强的病毒性疾病，是儿童死亡和发病的常见原因。鉴于发展中国家麻疹的高发病率，我们开展了这项研究，以调查阿尤布教学医院儿童病房收治的麻疹并发症病例及临床结局。
使用一份表格记录所有住院麻疹并发症患者的详细病史和体格检查情况。评估每位入院患者的免疫接种和营养状况，并将麻疹的临床结局与人口统计学资料进行比较。
对136例住院麻疹并发症患者进行了研究。男性患者占60.3%，57.3%的患者接种过麻疹疫苗。营养不良患者占71.35%，住院时间较长（>5天）。肺炎（39.7%）和腹泻（38.2%）是最常见的并发症。7名儿童死亡，脑炎（57.1%）是最常见的死亡原因。
麻疹最常见的并发症是肺炎和腹泻伴脱水，需要住院治疗。营养不良会导致更多并发症和更长的住院时间。死亡率与脑炎显著相关。
