Whitfield Keith E, Allaire Jason C, Gamaldo Alyssa A, Bichsel Jacqueline
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, PO Box 90085, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
J Cross Cult Gerontol. 2010 Sep;25(3):271-84. doi: 10.1007/s10823-010-9120-z.
This study examined the fluid-crystallized distinction of cognitive abilities in African Americans. We analyzed the factorial invariance of a battery of cognitive ability measures in a sample of 197 community-dwelling African American elders. Specifically, factorial invariance was tested in groups of African American elders differing in age (50-61 years, 62-79 years) and education (low, high). Using a partial invariance approach, if non-invariance was found between two groups, we explored the specific model parameters that contributed to the overall lack of invariance. The results indicated that the factor structure was confirmed in the sample as a whole. Evidence of strict invariance was found between age groups. However, a lack of invariance of specific factor loadings, intercepts, and uniqueness terms was found between education groups. The importance of highlighting idiosyncrasies in cognitive performance among African Americans is shown using a within group variation approach.
本研究考察了非裔美国人认知能力的流体智力与晶体智力差异。我们分析了197名居住在社区的非裔美国老年人样本中一系列认知能力测量指标的因子不变性。具体而言，在年龄（50 - 61岁、62 - 79岁）和教育程度（低、高）不同的非裔美国老年人组中测试因子不变性。采用部分不变性方法，如果在两组之间发现非不变性，我们会探究导致整体缺乏不变性的具体模型参数。结果表明，因子结构在整个样本中得到了证实。在年龄组之间发现了严格不变性的证据。然而，在教育程度组之间发现了特定因子载荷、截距和独特性项缺乏不变性的情况。使用组内变异方法展示了突出非裔美国人认知表现中特质的重要性。
